FAQ: Icom IC-746 HF/VHF Transceiver

Coordinator:	Dana Hoggatt
		kb9sss@arrl.net

Copyright (c) 2001,2002 by Dana Hoggatt, all rights reserved.

==============================

Recent Changes

   10.22.2002	Minor addition to band edge beeps
   10.20.2002	More info on ignition noise
   10.11.2002	Updated info on Icom HF net
   10.08.2002   Added Q/A about loose tuning shaft
   10.07.2002   Added Q/A about 2m S-meter readings

    9.30.2002   Corrected page number error in errata
    9.29.2002   Added Q/A on automatic external ATUs
    9.28.2002   Added Q/A about sticky switches
    9.25.2002   Added Q/A on finding repair shops
    9.23.2002   Added Q/A on TNC hookup
    9.20.2002   Added Q/A on CT-17 cable
    9.15.2002   Several minor changes and link updates
    9.15.2002   More info on power drop off
    9.09.2002	Added Q/A about low voltage operation/shutdown
    9.08.2002	More info on IC-PW1 operation
    9.06.2002	Added Q/A about Alaska Emergency Frequency

    8.26.2002	More info on ignition noise
    8.20.2002	More info on SEND connection problems.

    7.17.2002	Added Q/A about 60m operation
    7.15.2002	Added Q/A about IC-2KL amplifier birdies


==============================

CONTENTS

S:1.	ADMINISTRIVIA

Q:1.1.	What is an FAQ?
Q:1.2.	Where can I get a copy?
Q:1.3.	Where do I send feedback?
Q:1.4.	What are the future plans for the FAQ?
Q:1.5.	What questions still need to be answered?
Q:1.6.	What does this abbreviation or TLA mean?

S:2.	GENERAL INFO

Q:2.1.	Should I buy an IC-746?
Q:2.2.	What are the IC-746's features?
Q:2.3.	How does the IC-746 stand up to the ______ ?
Q:2.4.  Where can I buy/sell a used IC-746?
Q:2.5.	How much is a used IC-746 worth?
Q:2.6.	Is there a dedicated HF net for the IC-746?
Q:2.7.	Are there electronic copies of 746 instruction manuals?
Q:2.8.	Are there electronic copies of 746 service manuals?
Q:2.9.	How do I fix the font substitution error in the PDF manual?
Q:2.10.	How does an IC-746s differ from an IC-746?
Q:2.11.	What is the IC-7400?
Q:2.12.	What is the IC-746-PRO?
Q:2.13.	Where can I find info on other Icom rigs?
Q:2.14.	Where is info on the 706, 718, 756, 765, 735, ...
Q:2.15.	What articles have been written about the IC-746?
Q:2.16.	Can I transmit 100w at 100% duty cycle on CW/SSB/RTTY/PSK/etc?
Q:2.17.	I thought the LCD was blue, but photos show it as green?
Q:2.18.	Can the IC-746 work on the 60m band?
Q:2.19.	Can the IC-746 work on the Alaska Emergency Frequency?

S:3.	Accessories

S:3.1.	Power Supplies

Q:3.1.1	What power supply should I use with the IC-746?

S:3.2.	Antennas

Q:3.2.1	What antenna should I use with the IC-746?
Q:3.2.2	What range can the automatic antenna tuning unit (ATU) handle?
Q:3.2.3	Will the internal ATU handle "random" wire antennas?
Q:3.2.4	Will the internal ATU handle "long wire" antennas?
Q:3.2.5	Are there any "tips" to using the ATU?
Q:3.2.6	Can I use the internal ATU along with an external ATU?
Q:3.2.7	Does the internal ATU work on receive?
Q:3.2.8	Any other "gotchas" with the internal ATU?
Q:3.2.9	How do I use a "beverage" antenna?
Q:3.2.10 How do I use different antennas for receive vs. transmit?
	#  Split VFO Method
	#  External Antenna Switcher Method
	#  External RF Sense Antenna Preamp Method
Q:3.2.11 How do I measure SWR while in SSB?
Q:3.2.12 How do I tune up in CW without a key?
Q:3.2.13 What about using an external, automatic, ATU?
Q:3.2.14 Can I make the TUNER button activate an external automatic ATU?
Q:3.2.15 Why doesn't the rig SWR meter match my external SWR meter?
Q:3.2.16 Which SWR meter should I trust: internal or external?
Q:3.2.17 How do I repair the detector diodes in the internal ATU?
Q:3.2.18 How do switch between more than two antenna ports?

S:3.3.	Microphones

Q:3.3.1	What is the best microphone to use with the IC-746?
Q:3.3.2	Can I use a dynamic/studio microphone with the IC-746?
Q:3.3.3	Can I use a Heil microphone with the IC-746?
Q:3.3.4	How do I adjust the IC-746 for a Heil headset?
Q:3.3.5	Do I need a pre-amp to use a Heil microphone?
Q:3.3.6	What are the pin-outs on the microphone connector?

S:3.4.	Keyers

Q:3.4.1	Can I hook up my straight key to the front "Elec Key" Jack?
Q:3.4.2	Can I connect my own Electronic Keyer to the IC-746?
Q:3.4.3	How do I wire up my paddles for use with the internal keyer?
Q:3.4.4	Can I use the internal and external keyers at the same time?

S:3.5.	Amplifiers

Q:3.5.1	How do I hook up an Icom IC-PW1 RF power amplifier?
Q:3.5.2	What if I hook up more than just an IC-PW1?
Q:3.5.3	How do I hook up a non-Icom RF power amplifier?
Q:3.5.4	Do I really need an external amplifier switching relay?
Q:3.5.5	Where can I get an external switching relay?
Q:3.5.6	Why do I need an external amplifier switching relay?
Q:3.5.7	My SEND relay seems to be stuck, what do I do?
Q:3.5.8	Can't I just use the ACC port to key my amp?
Q:3.5.9	How do I build my own SEND relay isolation circuit/relay?
Q:3.5.10 Why do I get IC-746 birdies when I turn on my IC-2KL?

S:3.6.	TNC

Q:3.6.1	How do I hook up a TNC to the IC-746?

S:4.	IF Filters

Q:4.1	How many optional IF filters can I install into the IC-746?
Q:4.2	What optional IF filters are available for the IC-746?
Q:4.3	Which optional IF filters should I buy?
Q:4.4	What is an IF filter's "bandwidth"?
Q:4.5	What is an IF filter's "shape factor"?
Q:4.6	Why do filter "bandwidth" or "shape factor" matter?
Q:4.7	What is considered to be a narrow filter?
Q:4.8	What are narrow IF filters used for?
Q:4.9	Can an IF filter be too narrow?
Q:4.10	What's the difference between IF filters from Inrad vs. Icom?
Q:4.11	Which IF should I put an optional filter into?
Q:4.12	What's different between IF filters for 9Mhz vs. 455Khz?
Q:4.13	What are the 9Mhz IF filters best for?
Q:4.14	What are the 455Khz IF filters best for?
Q:4.15	How do I get the best results from TPBT?
Q:4.16	How do I configure the IC-746 to use an optional filter?
Q:4.17	How do I configure the IC-746 to use a non-Icom filter?
Q:4.18	How do I use a CW filter in SSB mode to receive PSK31?
Q:4.19	Why is there only one optional 455Khz IF filter slot?
Q:4.20	Any tips on installing 9Mhz Inrad filters?
Q:4.21	Where do I install a 2nd Inrad 9Mhz IF filter?
Q:4.22	Where can I find more information on filter characteristics?
Q:4.23	What are some popular filter combinations?

S:5.	Computer Control

Q:5.1	How do I wire the IC-746 up for computer control?
Q:5.2	What cables do I need?
Q:5.3	What are CT-17, OPC-478, OPC-662 all about?
Q:5.4	Do I need a special cable to connect a CT-17 to an IC-746?
Q:5.5	What is the control protocol for the IC-746?
Q:5.6	What is CI-V?
Q:5.7	What is the CI-V address of the IC-746?
Q:5.8	What computer software is available?
Q:5.9	Where can I get computer software and upgrades?
Q:5.10	Why doesn't computer software update freq when tuning the 746?
Q:5.11	How do I wire up the IC-746 for use with PSK31?
Q:5.12	Why isn't my computer control working?

S:6.	Problems and Clarifications

Q:6.1	What's that funny rattling noise I hear when I first power on the rig?
Q:6.2	What's that "click" I hear as I tune across certain frequencies?
Q:6.3	Why doesn't the ALC meter work while adjusting the "mic gain"?
Q:6.4	Why can't I program any numbers into the memory names,
Q:6.5	How low can the IC-746 supply voltage be?
Q:6.6	Why isn't my output power up at 100 watts?
Q:6.7	The backlight in my LCD has stopped working.  What's wrong?
Q:6.8	Is there some way to get the Icom-746 to generate DTMF tones?
Q:6.8	Why don't my "band edge beeps" match the US amateur bands?
Q:6.10	Can I transmit all the way out to the "band edge beeps"?
Q:6.11	Can I reprogram the "band edge beeps"?
Q:6.12	Do we know anything about the "band edge beeps"?
Q:6.13	How I reset back to factory default settings?
Q:6.14	What "birdies" does the IC-746 have?
Q:6.15	How do I adjust the LCD display?
Q:6.16	The Noise Blanker doesn't seem to do any good.  What's wrong?
Q:6.17	How do I get rid of ignition noise?
Q:6.18	How do I adjust or make the NB work better?
Q:6.19	How do I fix a loose rubber grip from the tuning knob?
Q:6.20	Where should I go for repairs?
Q:6.21	How do I fix scratches on the LCD?
Q:6.22	Can I do about sticky switches?
Q:6.23	Why does the S-meter seems low on 2m FM?
Q:6.24	Why is my tuning shaft/knob loose and sloppy?

S:7.	Modifications

Q:7.1	What TX/RX "mods" are there for the IC-746?
Q:7.2	What other "mods" are there for the IC-746?
	#  6Khz wide IF filters
	#  Safe 2m TX/RX Sequencing
	#  Simple CAT interface
	#  Seperate 2m TX/RX Antenna Lines
	#  Increased MONITOR Volume
	#  LCD Driver Transistor Replacement
	#  Poor Man's TCXO
	#  Upgrading Stock Ceramic IF Filter to a Crystal Filter
Q:7.3	Can I increase my RF output beyond 100w?
Q:7.4	I'm brave; what untested "mods" are there?
	#  Replacing PIN Diodes in the Demodulator
	#  Removing the BCB Attenuator
Q:7.5	What "external" mods are there for the IC-746?
	#  Remote, Direct Frequency Entry Keypad
	#  Cordless Headset Microphone
	#  Automatic Antenna/Amplifier Selection by Band
	#  2m TX/RX Sequencer
	#  External Tuner Pulser

S:8.	Misc...

Q:8.1	Are there different versions of the IC-746?
Q:8.2	Can I operate 2m on reduced power?
Q:8.3	Where can I find plugs for the ACC connectors?
Q:8.4	What are the pin-outs on the ACC-1 connector?
Q:8.5	What are the pin-outs on the ACC-2 connector?
Q:8.6	Does audio to pin 4 of ACC-1 trigger the VOX?
Q:8.7	Where can I get replacement power connectors?
Q:8.8	Where can I get replacement microphone connectors?
Q:8.9	What is "Lo-Fi" SSB operation?
Q:8.10	What is "Hi-Fi" SSB operation?
Q:8.11	How does one improve the fidelity of a received signal?
Q:8.12	How does one improve transmission fidelity?
Q:8.13	Can the IC-746 transmit at less than 5 watts?
Q:8.14	How do I turn on both HF pre-amps at the same time?
Q:8.15	How do I adjust the 746 for best AM performance?
Q:8.16	Is the IC-746 suitable for CAP and MARS operation?
Q:8.17	How do I adjust the Noise Reduction (NR)?
Q:8.18	How do I program a non-standard repeater offset?
Q:8.19	How do I turn on repeater (PL) tones?

	Manual Errata

	Manual Discrepancies

	Glossary

	Contributors + Acknowledgements

	Disclaimer + Copyright


==============================

S:1.	ADMINISTRIVIA

------------------------------

Q:1.1.	What is an FAQ?
Q:1.2.	Where can I get a copy?
Q:1.3.	Where do I send feedback?

	Welcome to the IC-746 FAQ.

 Short Answer

	FAQ stands for "Frequently Asked Questions".  It tries
	to cover common questions/problems/issues associated
	with Icom's IC-746 HF/VHF amateur radio transceiver.

	The master copy is kept at:

		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IC746/files/IC746-faq.txt

	Mirrored copies (after a short delay) appear at:

		http://www.qsl.net/kb9sss/IC-746/IC746-faq.txt

	An older version (June 2001) is sitting at:

		http://www.skysdaughter.com/icom746-faq

	You do not need a Yahoo email account to access the
	master copy, however, you will need a logon account.
	Yes, that is a subtle but hopefully minor distinction.
	Not everyone is willing to have a login account at Yahoo
	(even if it is free), which is one of several reasons
	for maintaining the mirror sites.

	Also, we post the FAQ monthly to:

		news:rec.radio.amateur.equipment

	usually sometime between the 1st and the 10th.

	You can post questions/comments about the FAQ to
	the above newsgroup.

 Long Answer

	The format of this FAQ should become apparent right from
	the start.  Questions are grouped into related sections
	and subsections, roughly in the form of an outline.
	Questions start in column one with their composite
	section number.

	When possible/practical, there will be both a short
	and long answer.  The short answers will try to be
	brief and to the point, typically about one paragraph.
	While correct, quick, and immediate, it will often gloss
	over subtleties and details.  The long answers will cover
	theory, alternatives, dissenting opinions, and other
	supplemental material.	We try not to unnecessarily
	duplicate information between the answers (this one
	is an example of that).  Long answers may go on for
	several pages.

	The questions that are addressed here (as well as the
	answers) come from several sources.

	This FAQ was originally created and hosted by folks on
	a Yahoo e-mail discussion group at:

		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IC746

	They have extensive information on the IC-746, including
	bookmarks and a file download area.

	www.qth.net hosts a more generalized Icom e-mail list
	that covers all models, not just the IC-746.  You can
	lookup more information or subscribe to that list at:

		http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/icom/

	There's a search engine, but it's accessed from a
	Hallicrafters site at:

		http://www.w9wze.org/

	Some of the info here originally appear upon a bbs
	style on-line discussion group that used to be at:

		http://vartel.com/icom746/icom746index.html
		(site not responding Jan-2002)

	There are also the following newsgroups:

		news:rec.radio.amateur.equipment
		news:rec.radio.swap

	Specific comments or clarifications can be sent directly
	to the FAQ coordinator.  "Content submissions" would be
	greatly appreciated.  However, general discussion/debate
	over the answers is best done in a more public forum,
	like one of those mentioned above.

------------------------------

Q:1.4.	What are the future plans for the FAQ?

	Many have suggested/asked that the FAQ take on a
	graphical rather than text format to better facilitate
	charts, photos, diagrams, etc...  The two front running
	formats are HTML and PDF, each of which has advantages
	and disadvantages.  I now have the tools to do both
	and will be persuing it the second half of 2002.

	Most of the power supply information will be separated
	out into a separate FAQ that is applicable to all rigs.
	This fits in better with the new ICOM Resource pages at:

		http://www.qsl.net/icom/

------------------------------

Q:1.5.	What questions still need to be answered?

	There are plenty of topics that still need or deserve
	to be covered.	Here are some topics and details we'd
	like information on (in no particular order):

	*  Levels and impedances of all audio connections
	   (mic, phones, acc, etc...)

	*  We still do not have enough reliable reports to
	   confirm which "birdies" (if any) actually exist.

	*  How does one go about hooking the 746 up for PSK,
	   TNC, and CI-V operations at the same time.

	*  CW Zero-Beat confusion
	   (as well as BFO and "reverse" operation)

	*  More information on the front panel power switch
	   and its interaction with the extra pins on the
	   T-connector in the back.

	*  More service and repair information

	*  Better explanation of band stacking registers

	*  Operating tips

	*  Instructions on how to use internal ATU

	*  Better explanation of COMP (gain, FM, etc...)

	*  Compare/contrast the 746 vs 746PRO

	*  Does the 746 exhibit a full power spike at beginning of TX?

	We welcome and encourage submissions.

------------------------------

Q:1.6.	What does this abbreviation or TLA mean?

	Hams use a lot of abbreviations and TLAs (Three Letter
	Acronyms), Toward the end of this document, is a small
	glossary to some of the abbreviations we use in the FAQ.



==============================

S:2.	GENERAL INFO

------------------------------

Q:2.1.	Should I buy an IC-746?

	Yes.  Try it, you'll like it.

	This FAQ is maintained by happy, loyal, and devoted
	IC-746 owners.	What do you really think we're going
	to say?

	One thing nearly everyone (both loyalists and detractors)
	agrees upon is that you should make every effort to
	try out a rig before purchasing it.

------------------------------

Q:2.2.	What are the IC-746's features?

	For features, check out the IC-746 specifications
	from brochures available at your local amateur radio
	equipment store, on-line documents at various vendor
	sites, or directly from Icom's WWW site at:

		http://www.icomamerica.com/

	On-line copies of the IC-746 sales brochure are at:

		http://www.qsl.net/kb9sss/IC-746/IC-746-Brochure.pdf
		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IC746/files/IC-746-Brochure.pdf

	Of particular interest might be the on-line copy of
	the instruction manual.

	Most of the 746's problems or faults show up either in
	this FAQ (eventually) or in one of the archives at:

		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IC746
		http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/icom/

------------------------------

Q:2.3.	How does the IC-746 stand up to the ______ ?

	Probably the most objective, quantitative comparisons you
	will find are the QST product reviews (freely available
	to ARRL members):

		http://www.arrl.org/members-only/prodrev/

	An Excel spreadsheet that allows side by side comparison of the technical specifications for many HF tranceivers can be found at:

		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IC746/files/HF-RIGS.xls

	Simpler, more limited, comparison charts are available
	on the Amateur Electronic Supply WWW site at:

		http://www.aesham.com/compare/comp_hf.html

	User written reviews can be both more personal and
	more detailed.	They can also be more biased.  You can
	find plenty of them at:

		http://www.eham.net/reviews

	This topic has come up several times on Yahoo's IC746
	discussion group.  One of the more interesting threads
	along these lines starts with message 1012 and ends
	with message 1028.  I'm told that message 1023 is
	particularly good.  Another good thread starts with 1049
	and ends with 1077.

		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IC746/message/1012
		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IC746/message/1023

------------------------------

Q:2.4.  Where can I buy/sell a used IC-746?

	Usually when someone asks this on the internet, they are
	looking for an on-line swap page.  There are, of course,
	plenty of other options.  Most dealers have used/demo
	equipment.  Hamfests are a traditional favorite, as are
	"swap nets" on HF.

	That said; the two largest forums on the internet for
	amateur radio gear are the USENET newsgroup

		news:rec.radio.swap

	and the infamous eBay auction site.

		http://www.ebay.com

	"Amateur Radio Trader" is both a magazine and a WWW
	site devoted to amateur radio classifieds:

		http://www.amradiotrader.com
		(site not responding Jan-2002)

	Yahoo has a small auction site as well:

		http://list.auctions.shopping.yahoo.com/23761-category.html?alocale=0us

	After those, you have your choice of dozens of
	dedicated swap sites on the net.  A few of them are:

		http://www.arrl.org/RadiosOnline/
		http://www.qrz.com/forum/
		http://www.eham.net/classifieds/
		http://www.k1dwu.net/hamtrader/

	AC6V maintains an entire list of swap pages as part
	of his excellent ham links/resource site.

		http://www.ac6v.com/swap.htm

------------------------------

Q:2.5.	How much is a used IC-746 worth?

	Unlike used cars, there is no official "blue book"
	for ham equipment.  Only YOU can decide this.

	Your best bet is to peruse the archives for

		news:rec.radio.swap

	over the past 6 months or so.  

	You might also check out one of the following sites

	Electronic Boneyard Prices:

		http://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/Hall/8701/ham/boneyard.htm

	E-Bay prices:

		http://aade.com/hampedia/prices.htm

	Virtual Hamfest - Recent Prices:

		http://www.vhamfest.com/prices.html
		(site not responding Jan-2002)

	Good luck.

------------------------------

Q:2.6.	Is there a dedicated HF net for the IC-746?

	Yes, one was started in October, 2001.

	It convenes 20M SSB near 14.2525 Mhz +/- QRM, on
	Sunday evenings at 9:00pm Eastern time (6:00pm Pacific).  

	The folks that run the net shift it along with Daylight
	Savings Time in the U.S.A.  Therefore, during "standard"
	time (last Sunday in October to the first Sunday in
	April) the net starts at 0200 UTC Monday.  During
	"savings" time (first Sunday of April through last
	Sunday of October) the net starts at 0100 UTC Monday.

	For the curious, not all of the U.S.A. participates in
	"daylight savings time".  Likewise, portions of Europe
	participate, but on a different timetable.  A wealth
	of information on DST can be found via Yahoo at:

		http://dir.yahoo.com/Science/Measurements_and_Units/Time/Daylight_Saving_Time

	or within the AC6V link indices at:

		http://www.ac6v.com/opaids.htm#CLOCKTIME

	or directly from NIST (the National Institute of
	Standards and Technology) at:

		http://www.time.gov

	The folks in the Yahoo IC746 e-mail group try to maintain
	a net calendar at:

		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IC746/calendar

	Yes, you have to be a member of the e-mail group to
	access their pages, but as a fringe benefit, you'll even
	get an automatic e-mail reminder on the day of the event.

	Doug, N7BNT, located in Vancouver, WA is usually Net
	Control, and "K.C." KG9JP in Phonenix, AZ is usually
	helping out and hosting the chat room.

	There is usually a IC746 chat room set up on Yahoo
	Internet Messager.  Click on the "Chat" button, go to
	"Hobbies and Crafts", click on the "User Rooms" tab and
	join in!  If you need a relay to check-in to the net,
	this is the place to go...  The chat room should be up
	about 10 minutes before net.

	We've heard of a few other HF nets devoted to Icom
	equipment in general.  They meet at:

		Sunday, 1700 UTC,  14.315 Mhz ssb
		Sunday, 2100 UTC,  14.317 Mhz ssb

------------------------------

Q:2.7.	Are there electronic copies of 746 instruction manuals?

	YES!  During the first week of November, 2001, Icom
	made an electronic copy of the IC-746 Instruction Manual
	(along with many others) available on their WWW site at:

	        http://icomamerica.com/support/documents/index.html

	A backup copy of the manual is stored in the IC746
	Yahoo group's "Files" area at:

	        http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IC746/files/IC-746-Instruction-Manual.pdf

	as well as at the QSL.NET ICOM Resource pages:

		http://www.qsl.net/kb9sss/IC-746/IC-746-Instruction-Manual.pdf

	Additionally, the FCC posted the IC-746pro instruction
	manual (and various other documents) at:

		http://gullfoss2.fcc.gov/cgi-bin/ws.exe/prod/oet/forms/reports/Search_Form.hts?mode=Edit&form=Exhibits&application_id=740578&fcc_id=AFJIC-746PRO

	A backup copy of both parts of this manual is stored
	in the IC746 Yahoo group's "Files" area at:

	        http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IC746/files/IC-746pro-Instruction-Manual-1.pdf
	        http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IC746/files/IC-746pro-Instruction-Manual-2.pdf

	Another good place to look for on-line manuals is:

		http://www.mods.dk/

	While Icom has relaxed a little in providing these
	documents, they are still protected by copyright.
	Please, treat them accordingly.  Remember, Icom is
	doing us a favor.

------------------------------

Q:2.8.	Are there electronic copies of 746 service manuals?

	No such copies are known to exist, although they would
	quickly become popular if they did.  As of May 2001,
	Icom had no plans for releasing one.  Additionally,
	Icom considers any such external productions to be a
	violation of their copyright.  Ray (the product manager
	at the 2001 Hamvention) was very firm on this.

	Hard copies are available through any Icom retailer as
	well as through the W7FG Vintage Manual WWW site at:

		http://www.w7fg.com/

------------------------------

Q:2.9.	How do I fix the font substitution error in the PDF manual?

	When trying to read the PDF version of a 746 Instruction
	Manual with the Adobe Acrobat Reader, some people
	encounter the following three dialogs on page 10 of
	the document (PDF page 12).

		A font required for font substitution is missing.

		An error has occurred that may be fixed by
		installing the latest version of the Japanese
		Language Support package.

		Unable to find or create font
		"Ryumin-Light-Identity-H". Some characters may
		not display or print correctly.

	The error is not fatal.  There are a few dozen places
	in the manual where text in diagrams will show up as
	a series of dots.

	You can get rid of the error by downloading the
	appropriate Asian font package directly from Adobe's
	support pages.	As of November, 2001, the appropriate
	link was:

		http://www.adobe.com/support/techdocs/2a156.htm

------------------------------

Q:2.10. How does an IC-746s differ from an IC-746?

	Japan has a 3rd Class license that is power limited
	(sort of like the defunct US Novice class).  The IC-746s
	is identical to the IC-746, except that it caters to
	this limited operating class.  It's output power is
	limited to 10w on HF and 20w on VHF.

	Nobody has yet reported a "mod" for this rig to bring
	its power up.

------------------------------

Q:2.11. What is the IC-7400?
Q:2.12. What is the IC-746-PRO?

	These are both successors to the IC-746.  The IC-7400
	is the Japanese version while the IC-746-PRO is the
	English version.  We don't know yet what else (if
	anything) differentiates them besides their name.

	There are two ways to look at the IC-746-PRO.  Some
	view it as a beefed up IC-746 while others view it as
	a watered down IC-756-PRO.  On the outside, it looks
	and operates very much like the IC-746.  The controls
	are similar enough that you confuse the two.  However,
	the inside (RF chain and DSP) is more like the IC-756-PRO
	than anything else.

	Here are some features that the IC-746-PRO has over
	the IC-746:

	  +  32bit DSP with 24bit ADC
	  +  Selectable digital filters (50+)
	  +  Sharp or Soft filtering (via DSP)
	  +  Digital TPBT
	  +  Manual digital notch filter (in addition to ANF)
	  +  Twinned Digital APF (great for RTTY?)
	  +  DSP based RTTY decoder
	  +  Adjustable digital noise blanker
	  +  Digital TX/RX equalization (instead of analog)
	  +  Digital speech compressor (instead of analog)
	  +  Digital voice recorder

	You'll notice how prominently the DSP plays in this rig.

	One thing the original 746 has over the 746-PRO is an
	additional IF stage, thus its TPBT is actually going
	through two offset IF filters.	The 746-PRO achieves its
	TPBT via the DSP.  Its argued that the DSP filtering more
	than makes up for the lack of the extra filter and is
	more programmable/flexible.  It's counter argued that DSP
	filtering is not as effective as traditional IF filtering
	(the 746-PRO instruction manual even eludes to this) and
	that insufficient filtering early on overtaxes the DSP.

	Both are excellent rigs and only time will tell just
	how effective DSP really is.  Perhaps someday Icom will
	make a rig with both.

	Here are some of the features the IC-756-PRO has
	that the IC-746 does not.

	  -  Dual watch receiver design
	  -  Real-time spectrum scope

	Additionally, the IC-746-PRO retains the basic form
	factor, LCD, control layout, and bonus 2m capabilities
	of the IC-746.

	Plenty of sales and technical information is available
	(including downloadable pictures and brochures) from
	Icom's WWW site at:

		http://www.icomamerica.com/

	There is a Yahoo discussion group devoted to the IC-7400,
	as well as a group devoted to the 746 series in general.

		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IC7400
		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IC746

	Icom has not yet made a copy of the IC-746-PRO
	instruction manual available in electronic form, however,
	the FCC has.  You can access it and other information at:

		http://gullfoss2.fcc.gov/cgi-bin/ws.exe/prod/oet/forms/reports/Search_Form.hts?mode=Edit&form=Exhibits&application_id=740578&fcc_id=AFJIC-746PRO

	And a nice ham-written synopsis appears at:

		http://www.qsl.net/ab4oj/ja7ude/ic7400.html
		http://www.qsl.net/ab4oj/icom/ic7400/ic7400.html

------------------------------

Q:2.13.	Where can I find info on other Icom rigs?
Q:2.14.	Where is info on the 706, 718, 756, 765, 735, ...

	This FAQ is devoted to the IC-746.  As of November, 2001,
	we do not know of any FAQ's devoted to other Icom models.
	However, as of Jan-2002, a project was underway to start
	accumulating and centralizing Icom information at:

		http://www.qsl.net/icom/

	While the coordinators of this list already have their
	hands full, they would be glad to advise, help, and
	collaborate with people interested in maintaining
	other FAQs.

	Much of the generic information in this FAQ is applicable
	to other Icom rigs, but please, use common sense when
	trying to apply it.

	For general information on other Icom rigs try:

	Icom's WWW site at:

		http://www.icomamerica.com/

	Icom e-mail discussion group at:

		http://www.qth.net

	Usenet newsgroup:

		news:rec.radio.amateur.equipment

	The definitive collection of "mods" for all makes and
	models of amateur radio equipment is at:

		http://www.mods.dk/

	Yahoo Groups hosts more than 40 e-mail/WWW discussion
	groups related or devoted to Icom equipment.  Here are
	some of the more than 50 Icom related groups there.

		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/icomr2
		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/ICOMR3
		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/ic706
		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/ICOM706
		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IC-706Mk2G
		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IC-756PRO
		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/ic756pro2
		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IC-Q7
		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IcomRadio

	IC-765 information pages

		http://www.execulink.com/~dstalk/

	Last, but certainly not least, AC6V has a wealth of
	links and resources on amateur radios.

		http://www.ac6v.com/swap.htm

------------------------------

Q:2.15.	What articles have been written about the IC-746?


	A Microphone Adapter for the IC-706

		Davidson, Taylor, N4TD
		May, 2002, QST, p.38

		A microphone preamp/control project that could
		be easily adapted to the IC-746.


	A Quality Sound Card Interface for ICOM Rigs

		Lewis, Bob, AA4PB
		March, 2002, QST, p.31

		A great way to capitalize upon ACC port 1.


	Solving Sound Card Microphone Problems

		Covington, Michael A., N4TMI
		June, 2000, QST, p.61

		Shows a tiny, phantom powered, mic preamp


	Automatic Amplifier Selection for the ICOM IC-746, 
	IC-736 and IC-706MKII Transceivers 

		Hewitt, Paul, WD7S
		May, 2000, QST, p.33 

		Operating via the ACC connector (thus bypassing
		the SEND relay), this project provides automatic
		amplifier keying (with ALC selection) based on
		the Icom band signal.


 	A Direct Frequency Entry Keypad for ICOM Transceivers 

 		Hansen, John, W2FS
		December, 1999, QST, p.38 

		Adds an external keypad via a PIC and CI-V.


	ICOM IC-746 MF/HF/VHF Transceiver (Product Review) 

		Wolfgang, Larry, WR1B
		September, 1998, QST, p.70 

		A product review article


	Der Neue von Icom: IC-746 - mit 100w und DSP auf 11 Bandern

		Petermann, Bernd, DJ1TO
		April, 1998, Funkamateur, p.392

		A product review article (German)


	A Remotely Controlled Antenna Switch

		Thompson, Nigel, KG7SG
		April, 1993, QST, p.32

		Uses the band signal on the Icom ACC connector
		to remotely switch between antennas with a
		single feedline.  (This article predates the 746,
		but is still appliccable)

------------------------------

Q:2.16.	Can I transmit 100w at 100% duty cycle on CW/SSB/RTTY/PSK/etc?

	Yes.  All of the 746/756 series were designed to
	handle continuous 100w output in all modes.

	The rig will get quite warm and the fan will
	run continuously.  Be sure you allow adequate
	ventilation.

------------------------------

Q:2.17.	I thought the LCD was blue, but photos show it as green?

	The screen is blue.  The green color that shows up in
	many photos is caused by the camera flash, sort of
	an optical illusion.  Non-flash photos always show the
	screen as blue.

	For an example, see N4WMX's 746 non-pro at:

		http://www.backroadadventure.net/gallery/Radio/aaj

------------------------------

Q:2.18.	Can the IC-746 work on the 60m band?
Q:2.19.	Can the IC-746 work on the Alaska Emergency Frequency?

	Yes, no, no, and yes.  To both questions.

	For the purposes of our discussion, the Alaska Emergency
	Frequency of 5.1675 MHz USB is can be treated as part
	of the 60m band.

	Yes, the IC-746 can receive the 60m band, and does
	so quite nicely.  No, as shipped, the IC-746 will not
	transmit on the 60m band.  No, there is no 60m specific
	mod to the rig but yes, there is an all-band mod that
	will allow the IC-746 to transmit on the 60m band.  See:

		http://www.mods.dk

	Of course, once you've opened up ALL of the bands this
	way, appropriate caution is dictated.

	The IC-756 (original, not the pro) has a very similar
	design to the IC-746.  Some IC-756 users report an
	output power dropoff near 5 MHz, presumably due to the
	output band pass filters.  Annonymous reports indicate
	that the 746 does not suffer the same problem.  I do
	not have any data on the 746-PRO.



==============================

S:3.	Accessories

------------------------------

S:3.1.	Power Supplies

------------------------------

Q:3.1.1	What power supply should I use with the IC-746?

 Short Answer

	Any good quality, communications grade, power supply
	rated at least 20 amps or more (continuous duty) should
	do just fine.  However, most of us use larger supplies
	(for a variety of reasons).

	Popular supplies that are known to work (via testimonial):

		Alinco   DM-330MVT 30/32A  switching
		Astron   RS-35M    25/35A  linear
		Astron   SS-30     25/30A  switching
		Astron   SS-25     20/25A  switching
		MFJ      4125      22/25A  switching (MightyLite)
		MFJ      4225      22/25A  switching
		MFJ      4035-MV   30/35A  linear
		Samlex   SEC-1223  23/25A  switching
		Kenwood  PS-52     20/22A  linear

	Power supplies to avoid (via testimonial):

		Astron   RS-20     - overloads too easily
		Kenwood  PS-30     - overloads too easily
		Diamnond GZV-4000  - RF hash on 40/20m
		Icom     PS-85     - RF hash


 Long Answer

	This question typically arises for one of two reasons.
	Either someone wants to buy a new power supply, or they
	have an existing power supply that they want to use.
	In both cases, the issues are: load capacity, size,
	weight, electrical noise, mechanical noise, cost,
	features, and appearance.  Buying a new supply gives
	you a lot of options; there are plenty of great supplies
	out there.  With an existing supply, you have no control
	over these factors; you're simply looking for a "fit".

	You'll want to consider the following factors.

	## Reviews

	QST tested and reviewed many supplies in January and
	September, 2000.  You'll find the results informative.
	ARRL members can access those and other reviews
	on-line at:

		http://www.arrl.org/members-only/prodrev/pdf/pr0001.pdf

		http://www.arrl.org/members-only/prodrev/pdf/pr0009.pdf

	## Transportability

	The larger the capacity, the larger and heavier
	the supply.  If size and weight are critical for you,
	consider a "switching" supply as they are usually less
	than half the size of a "linear" supply.

	## Electrical Noise

	All supplies generate some electrical noise.  Typically
	the noise from linear supplies will be in the form of
	AC hum while from switching supplies the noise will be
	RF hash.  Communications grade power supplies of either
	type are designed to minimize the noise, and generally
	cause no problem.  (i.e. this is not a good place to
	cut corners)

	"Computer" power supplies that are pressed into radio
	service are particularly bad when it comes to electrical
	noise.

	Usually, the harder you push a supply (the heavier the
	load), the worse the noise will become.

	## Mechanical Noise

	Many supplies have cooling fans.  Sometimes, the fans
	are loud enough to be a noise problem themselves.
	Fan noise is variable from supply to supply (even
	within the same manufacturer and model).  Likewise,
	hearing tolerance varies from operator to operator.
	Thus, it's hard to tell in advance if a specific supply
	will have a problem.  Time may yet tell.

	We do know that fans are driven by load.  The closer you
	operate to a supply's capacity, the more the fan runs.

	Also, some of the transformers used in linear supplies
	will generate an audible hum.  The transformer itself
	vibrates with the AC supply.  Mass seems to help here.
	Usually (not always) the heavier the transformer,
	the less the hum.

	Its pretty easy to put a noisy power supply under a
	table, behind a cabinet, or elsewhere to cut down on
	the noise level.  Just be careful to allow proper air
	flow for cooling.

	## Features

	Most of us consider current limiting, over voltage
	protection, and high temperature shutdown to be mandatory
	in a new supply.

	Fuses or breakers are required for UL certification.
	Buy spare fuses right away; they never blow at a
	convenient time.

	Meters are non-essential, they are luxury items.  They
	make the supply bigger and more expensive.  However,
	they can be very handy and even fun.  Lets face it,
	most hams enjoy gadgets.

	Adjustable output voltage is a useful feature, more
	useful than you might realize.	Most new supplies have it
	(usually internally).

	## Load Capacity

	The size, weight, and cost of a power supply all tend to
	increase with its load capacity.  Those factors encourage
	us to get the smallest supply we can.  There are also
	factors that encourage larger supplies; such as noise,
	heat, accessories, etc...

	The IC-746 specifications list a current drain at
	maximum transmit power of 20A at 13.8Vdc.  Thus, the
	recommendation that your supply should handle 20 amps
	(or more) continuously.

	It is possible to run the IC-746 with a smaller supply,
	but extreme caution and discipline are required.  Very
	few, if any, of us recommend it for normal operation.

	For example, the 20 amp maximum in the IC-746
	specifications is full key-down at full power.
	You could just lower your RF power to help match your
	load to the supply.  You could even run the IC-746 QRP,
	drawing as little as 3-4 amps on transmit.

	Another factor is operating mode.  Some of us have
	measured full-key loads as high as 21-22 amps.
	Normal SSB transmit at full power draws 6-15 amps.
	But FM, digital, and CW will generally pull 18-20 amps
	at full power.

	## Continuous vs. Intermittent Load

	There are issues concerning a supply's "intermittent",
	"peak", or "surge" capacity.  A supply might be rated
	for 16 amps continuous and 20 amps peak.  Normally, the
	IC-746 runs at about 2-3 amps for receive and only hits
	the 20 amp maximum during transmission.  Thinking of
	transmitting as "peak" or "intermittent" activity can
	lead one to think that such a supply is acceptable.
	It might even be.  However, a problem develops when we
	try to define what peak or intermittent activity is.

	Everyone would agree that transmitting for 3 minutes
	at 20 amps till the repeater time-out cuts you off is
	not a peak.  How short a time constitutes a peak and
	at what duty cycle?  Without some sort of specification
	or standard, "peak" and "intermittent" could mean just
	about anything.  Most of us feel more comfortable with a
	"better safe than sorry" approach.

	This dual rating system for power supplies is a great
	source of confusion.  Specifically, you could buy a power
	supply rated for 20A and have it fail under full load.
	The Astron RS-20 and Pyramid PS-21 are examples of
	such supplies.	While both are excellent supplies,
	they just can't keep up with an IC-746 under full power.

	The exact definition of intermittent, peak, or surge
	as used by the power supply manufacturers has not
	been established.

		(Some of us are going to try to talk to the
		supply manufacturers about this to get more
		details)

	To quote a tech from Samlex:

		Maximum rating is surge current requirement for
		starting reactive loads or short term dynamic
		loading and is limited to a few seconds.

		This supply is not designed for pulsing loads.

		Currents beyond the maximum rating will force the
		unit into current limit and the output voltage
		will drop and it will no longer be regulated.

	Meanwhile, MFJ said (of the MFJ-4322):

		Our units will shut down at surge.  At 25 amps
		surge, the power supply will shut down at about
		ten seconds.

	So while it is theoretically possible, most people do
	not use supplies rated less than 20 amps continuous.
	In fact, most use substantially bigger supplies.

	## Bigger Supplies

	Why use a bigger supply?  There are several reasons.

	As noted earlier, the closer you operate a supply to
	its rated capacity, the greater the electrical noise,
	mechanical noise, heat, etc...

	Strain leads to wear-and-tear.	So it can be argued
	that a bigger supply should last longer.

	The IC-746 is rated at 20 amps max, but loads as high as
	21-22 amps have been measured.	"Your mileage may vary"
	definitely applies.

	The continuous rating is generally based upon an
	ambient air temperature of 20 C.  The rating degrades
	as the temperature rises, by how much, we're not sure.
	Filed Day conditions will be stressful to your supply.

	13.8 V times 20 A yields 276 watts.  There's a tendency
	for some supplies to drop voltage a little when they
	get hot or overloaded.	There's also a tendency for
	some radios to increase their current pull when the
	voltage drops.	At 12 Vdc, that same 276 watts would
	imply 23 amps.	You push the supply capacity, which
	drops voltage a little, which drives the rig current
	up, which pushes the supply further ...  then BANG.
	You blow a fuse.  (AK6R has actually seen this effect
	with his 756pro)

	There are plenty of other devices that need DC power.
	You need to account for them as well.

	Other and future rigs may have greater power demands
	(like the 756pro).  Extra capacity now may avoid the
	need to upgrade your supply in the future.

	You might well spend most of your time in a low power
	situation (SSB QRP) and get by with less than 5A.
	But, in an emergency, you and your gear may be called
	upon to operate in different modes, at higher power,
	and with heavier duty cycles.  Planning ahead for the
	worst case usage helps prevent an untimely failure at
	just the wrong time.

	## Conclusion

	So, you'll find most of us with power supplies ranging
	from 20 to 30 amps continuous; and some with even
	bigger supplies.

------------------------------

S:3.2.	Antennas

------------------------------

Q:3.2.1	What antenna should I use with the IC-746?

 Short Answer

	Any antenna you want.

 Long Answer

	Seriously.  ANY antenna will work with the IC-746,
	with the proper interfacing.  People have even made
	contacts using dummy loads.

	Antennas are probably the most uniquely individualistic
	aspect of any ham station.  Antenna selection is a BIG
	topic; much too big to deal with in an FAQ (at least
	for this one).

	The IC-746 has 50 ohm, unbalanced, coaxial RF outputs.
	With the automatic ATU capable of handling SWR mismatches
	of up to 3:1 on HF (and 2.5:1 on 6 meters), you have
	a wide variety of choices available to you.

	There are many excellent books on the topic; the ARRL
	has a couple dozen of them.  A good one to start with is:

		The ARRL Antenna Book

	At over 800 pages (and over 1,000 antennas), you're
	sure to find SOMETHING that fits your style and budget.

	For more information, try hanging out on one of over
	50 e-mail groups on the topic at

		http://groups.yahoo.com

	or visit one of the hundreds of antenna oriented WWW
	sites indexed by AC6V:

		http://www.ac6v.com/
		http://www.ac6v.com/antprojects.htm

	or follow along with the discussions on the newsgroup:

		news:rec.radio.amateur.antenna

	or visit the on-line antenna magazine:

		http://www.antennex.com/

	or, you could just put up a trusty old dipole.

	Just be sure you do use an antenna.  The IC-746 does not
	like to transmit into an open load (no connected antenna).
	It will put an undue (and possibly fatal) strain on your
	output transistors.

------------------------------

Q:3.2.2	What range can the automatic antenna tuning unit (ATU) handle?

	Officially, the automatic ATU in the IC-746 can handle SWR
	mismatches of up to 3:1 on HF and up to 2.5:1 on 6 meters.  
	In practice, many people get even wider ranges, a few as
	high as 7:1, but be wary of pushing the ATU that hard.

	The ATU does not function on 2 meters.

	Some have pointed out that, even though the internal tuner
	may tune a particular antenna configuration, if there
	is a high SWR, you could end up burning out the tuner.

	We have at least one case (reported by KG6GLN) where the
	detector diodes in an IC-746 were fried.  According to
	the ICOM tech, "... it could happen if you tried to
	use an external antenna tuner in conjunction with the
	internal tuner.	"

------------------------------

Q:3.2.3	Will the internal ATU handle "random" wire antennas?
Q:3.2.4	Will the internal ATU handle "long wire" antennas?

	No.  You'll need an external ATU.

	The internal ATU can only handle an SWR mismatch of
	about 3:1 on HF and 2.5:1 on 6 meters.	Such antennas
	will exceed those limits somewhere, over stressing
	the ATU and possibly blowing it out.  Matching will be
	hit or miss (mostly miss).

	Of course, there's always an exception.  N4EUK reports
	successfully tuning his 100 foot wire antenna using
	the internal ATU.  Even he was surprised.

------------------------------

Q:3.2.5	Are there any "tips" to using the ATU?

	You mean, besides the tips already provided on page 58
	of the Instruction Manual?  Yes.

	The ATU appears to pay attention to the reflected
	power, not the SWR.  [Note: we'd love someone to
	analyze the schematics to confirm or deny this.]
	This is evidenced by two effects.

	When starting from a close match at QRP power levels,
	the auto ATU doesn't always home in on the best match.
	Increasing the power level and tuning again often
	improves the match, which the ATU then retains when
	returning to QRP power.  In fact, the manual mentions
	at least 8w on HF and 15w on 6m.

	The converse situation can also cause trouble.
	When starting from a poor match at full power, the auto
	ATU sometimes can't find a match at all.  In this case,
	tuning at lower power allows the ATU to get a match,
	which the ATU then retains when returning to high power.

	If one end of a band consistently gives you trouble
	while the other end tunes easily, then you may still
	be able to coax the ATU into matching the antenna.
	Start in the portion of the band where the ATU works
	and tune there.  Then, move your way across the band
	in increments (maybe 25Khz at a time), tuning as you
	go until you reach the desired portion.

------------------------------

Q:3.2.6	Can I use the internal ATU along with an external ATU?

	Maybe.	Theory says yes, but Icom says no.  The results
	are mixed.  Use at your own risk.

	Many people use an external ATU along with their IC-746.
	Usually, they leave the external ATU switched to "bypass"
	and let the internal ATU do its thing.	For troublesome
	bands/antennas, they turn off the internal ATU and
	engage the external one.

	Others use an external ATU to match their antenna to
	the middle of the desired band and let the internal ATU
	handle the rest.  In theory, the ATU doesn't know or
	care what's hooked up to it; it simply tries to match
	up to the impedance it sees.

	In most cases, either of the above approaches work fine.
	Many hams have been applying both for years with no
	problems.

	However, some IC-746's have had their ATUs go out from
	fried detector diodes and driver transistors.  On many
	repairs, Icom has blamed the failure upon external
	tuners.  One ham was told that external tuners can
	cause problems even when they are switched to "bypass".

	Nobody has been able to adequately explain why an
	external tuner would cause such damage, particularly
	when bypassed.  Some speculate that tuning with low
	power is safer than tuning with high power (if nothing
	else, its at least more polite).

	We need more information on this, but at least you've
	been warned.

	The best procedure we can suggest at this point is:

	*  Turn off the internal ATU.

	*  Reduce power to about 1/4 (25w).

	*  Adjust the external ATU using the rig's SWR meter.
	   (The two meters usually disagree.  It is what the
	   rig sees that is important.)

	*  Restore full power.

	*  Turn on the internal ATU.

	Do not adjust the external ATU at full power.

	Do not adjust the external ATU while the ATU is on.

	Do not change frequency while the ATU is searching for
	a match.

------------------------------

Q:3.2.7	Does the internal ATU work on receive?

	Yes.  The internal ATU is enabled while receiving.
	Of course, it can only "match" while transmitting.

	It's unclear if the internal ATU acts as an additional
	preselector when enabled.

------------------------------

Q:3.2.8	Any other "gotchas" with the internal ATU?

	We've already mentioned above the possible hazard
	of using the internal ATU and an external ATU at the
	same time.

	We've also mentioned above that operating the internal
	ATU at the limits of its abilities might overtax it
	over time.

	A possible problem we haven't already mentioned may
	stem from the possible similarity between the IC-746
	and the IC-756.  The IC-756 users have been warned not
	to use either their "Auto Tune" or "PTT Tune" features
	while on 6m.  (even the manuals mention this, although
	in passing).  Several have damaged their internal ATUs
	this way, causing them to get stuck in 6m operation
	after damaging the relays.

	It has been speculated that some of the reported mishaps
	with the IC-746 internal ATU with 6m may be related.
	It's not hard to imagine that the 746/756 share a common
	ATU design.  We'd appreciate someone (with access to
	both service manuals) doing a detailed circuit comparison
	to confirm/refute this.

	Finally, the internal ATU is only matching at the
	internal PA.  You'll still have high SWR out on your
	coax, as expected.

------------------------------

Q:3.2.9	How do I use a "beverage" antenna?
Q:3.2.10 How do I use different antennas for receive vs. transmit?

	As previously stated, nearly ANY antenna can be used
	with the IC-746, provided it can be matched to the
	746's 50 ohm, unbalanced antenna terminals.  However,
	there is more to using a "beverage" antenna than just
	impedance matching.

	Beverage antennas tend to sacrifice gain in order to
	improve their signal to noise ratio.  So, while they
	are good for receiving, they are poor for transmitting.
	Therefore, you would typically use a separate antenna
	for transmitting.


	#  Split VFO Method

	While not convenient, the IC-746 can be configured to
	use one of its antenna ports for transmitting and the
	other for receiving.  Run the rig in split mode with
	both VFOs on the same frequency, but have VFO A use
	antenna 1 and VFO B use antenna 2.


	#  External Antenna Switcher Method

	A more traditional approach (albeit, more work) is to
	take the HF transmit signal from one of the accessory
	ports activate a coaxial relay (via a driver transistor)
	to switch between antennas.  This is the same basic setup
	you would use to control an external amplifier.

	(refer to articles and external amplifier questions
	for more information)


	#  External RF Sense Antenna Preamp Method

	Some manufacturers make antenna preamps that sense the RF
	on the line to switch between antennas as well as switch
	in/out the preamp.  The Ameco PT3 preamp is one example.

------------------------------

Q:3.2.11 How do I measure SWR while in SSB?

	Usually, you don't.  Measuring SWR requires a signal.
	The only way to get a signal on SSB is to modulate;
	i.e. you talk.

	The simple thing to do is to switch modes to either
	AM or RTTY briefly.  After making your measurement,
	switch back to SSB.

------------------------------

Q:3.2.12 How do I tune up in CW without a key?

	Usually you don't.  You probably don't even want to
	be in CW mode without a key.

	Odds are, you're trying to tune up for a different
	mode, for example, PSK on SSB.  The simplest thing
	to do is switch briefly to AM or RTTY and tune there.

	If you insist upon tuning up in CW without a key,
	then you really only have one option; simulate a key.
	You could turn on the mic-keyer, which uses the scan
	buttons (UP/DN) operate the keyer.  Or you could wire
	up a dummy key jack and key the rig by plugging the
	dummy jack in and out.  There's even one ham who uses
	his headphones as a dummy key, but very few of us are
	willing to take that risk!

------------------------------

Q:3.2.13 What about using an external, automatic, ATU?

	There are many automatic ATUs you could use.  Your choice
	boils down to two basic questions:

	Do you want to tune at the antenna or in the shack?

	Do you want an Icom tuner or a third party tuner?

	Tuning at the antenna is far more efficient than
	tuning in the shack (feedline SWR, etc...), however
	tuning in the shack is more convenient (no power or
	control cables).

	Icom tuners will be "plug-n-play" with the IC-746,
	while third party tuners may require cabeling or a
	change in procedure.

	Remember, the transceiver's internal ATU must always be
	disengaged when driving an external tuner. Cascading
	tuners can reflect high reactance values back into
	the internal ATU and/or LPF. As a result, dangerously
	high RF voltages can appear across capacitors in these
	networks, leading to component failure.  

	Icom's cabling
	to their own antenna tuners takes care of the above automatically.

	

	There are too many possible automatic ATUs to cover in
	this document, but here are a few that merit special
	comment.


	##  AT-180

	The AT-180 is intended for use in the shack with
	near-resonant antennas; it will tune a maximum excursion
	of 3:1. The AT-180 was designed for the ham bands only
	but should have sufficient band overlap to accommodate
	the MARS frequencies.

	Here are the AT-180 specifications:

		http://www.icomamerica.com/amateur/hf/at-180.html

	No real point to using this ATU over the built-in one


	##  AH-4

	The AH-4 is an automatic antenna coupler, intended to
	tune random-length wire and whip antennas. The AH-4 is
	mounted at the antenna, and the RF lead from the coupler
	to the radiator should be as short as possible. The
	AH-4 covers 3.5 to 54 MHz (continuous) with a 7m (23 ft)
	wire antenna.

	Here is the AH-4 brochure:

		http://www.icomamerica.com/support/documents/brochures/ah-4.pdf

	And a very informative site on the AH-4 (including an
	AH-4 FAQ):

		http://www.hamoperator.com/ah4/ah4.htm


	##  AH-3

	The AH-3 is an older (out of production) alternative to
	the AH-4; it covers 1.8 to 30 MHz (continuous) with a
	7m wire antenna.  There is info on it at the following
	WWW site:

		http://www.qsl.net/n4pl/ah3/


	##  AH-2

	Older still, the AH-2 could cover 1.8 to 30 MHz with a
	12m antenna or 3.8 to 30 MHz with a 3m antenna.


------------------------------

Q:3.2.14 Can I make the TUNER button activate an external automatic ATU?

	Yes.  The IC-746 has a connector designed to directly
	connect to the Icom AH-4 automatic antenna tuning unit.
	Page 80 in the instruction manual describes hookup and
	operation.  Once installed, pressing the TUNER button
	for 2 seconds will cause the rig to transmit 10w in CW
	mode until the AH-4 finishes.

	The IC-746 assumes that the AH-4 is connected to ANT-1
	and automatic tuning will only work there.  ANT-2 is
	still available, but with no ATU.

	In fact, there's a whole WWW site devoted to the AH-4.
	Check it out at:

		http://www.hamoperator.com/ah4/ah4.htm

	Most Icom tuners use the same interface (AH-2, AH-3,
	AT-180, etc...).

	Connecting and operating an LDG tuner is exactly the
	same; they even make a cable specifically for the task.

	Connecting and operating an SGC tuner is almost the
	same; you'll have to make your own interface cable.
	Instructions for that are at:

		http://www.sgcworld.com/products/Couplers/icom706.html

	Sure, the page says its for the IC-706, but the external
	ATU interface is identical to that of the IC-746.  Once
	wired up, operation will be just like for the AH-4.

	Finally, you could just fake the IC-746 into thinking
	that there is an ATU out there with a dummy plug like
	that available from W2ENY at:

		http://members.fortunecity.com/w2eny/tenatuner/

	Operation is similar to that for the other tuners, but
	transmission stops after an 8 second timeout instead of
	by tuner acknowledgement.  You can even build this
	yourself based on the information at:

		http://www.mods.dk/mods.php3?radio=icom&model=ic-706&selectid=1864
	or
		http://www.qsl.net/wb8rcr/706Tune.html
		http://www.qsl.net/g4fzn/706cct.gif

	Don't mind that the info says its for the IC-706, all
	Icom rigs from this era use the same circuitry/connector.

------------------------------

Q:3.2.15 Why doesn't the rig SWR meter match my external SWR meter?

	Its normal for different points along the RF "feed"
	to register different SWR readings.  The SWR meter in
	the 746 reads the SWR between the final amplifier stage
	and the tuner.	Your external SWR meter reads the SWR
	between the tuner and the antenna.  The external meter
	should always read greater than or equal to the meter
	in the 746.

	Its actually possible to "match" your rig to your
	antenna by simply changing the length of your feedline.
	For an extreme (but very workable) example, check out:

		http://www.qsl.net/w5dxp/notuner.htm

	This is not to say that the internal SWR meter is
	accurate.  Posts that suggest that the internal SWR meter
	reads lower at lower output power than at full output
	power.	The effect is noticeable, but not pronounced.

------------------------------

Q:3.2.16 Which SWR meter should I trust: internal or external?

	Both can be trusted, but tune by the internal meter.

	You probably care because you are using an external
	ATU.  Tune to bring the internal meter to a minimum
	reading.  Its the meter that tells you how happy your
	RF power transistors are and whether or not you're
	suffering SWR power foldback.

------------------------------

Q:3.2.17 How do I repair the detector diodes in the internal ATU?

	???? (Mike) describes his experinece at fixing blown
	detector diodes in the internal ATU.

	-----

	The problem was that the Auto-Tuner would no longer
	tune up the antennas that it used to for me, and the
	SWR didn't change on the antennas (as measured by my
	MFJ-259 antenna analyzer).  It would either try for
	6-10 seconds and then drop out, or try for only one
	or two seconds and drop out.  When it "dropped out",
	the Tuner indication would go away on the display.

	Rather than sending it in for repair, I managed to
	figure out the bad parts were the D8 and D9 Diodes on
	the Control Unit.  They are HSM88AS diodes.  They are a
	3 lead device, and look like a surface mount transistor.
	They have "C1" indication on the top.	 These diodes
	are located NEXT to the orange "L9" inductor close
	to the speaker, just below the 820pf caps near the
	open core inductors..  If you have trouble locating
	it from the discription above, you'll either need the
	manual from Icom to locate the two diodes, or I have a
	picture that I took is available showing the location.

	Looking at the specs for these diodes

		http://www.hitachisemiconductor.com/sic/jsp/japan/eng/products/standardics/diod/lineup/diode/eHSM88AS.pdf

	they have a minimum 10 V (sub)R voltage rating (not
	too high) which may explain why they blow so easily
	(but then I don't know the signals that they receive
	under normal circumstances).

	Notice also from the specifications that each part really
	has 2 internal diodes.	By looking at the schematic for
	the radio (that comes with your Owners Manual, D8 and
	D9 both have open leads where one diode is NOT used.
	They are on OPPOSITE sides!!  What you can do (one
	time only) is to swap D8 and D9 and the radio should
	work again.  I found that the D8 diode was leaky.
	I never did find the D9 diode to be able to measure it
	(notice the warning below!)

	HOWEVER, this repair procedure is not for the faint
	hearted.

	These are surface mount parts and are about the size
	of 2 grains of sand.  To replace the parts requires a
	very small tip soldering iron, a fine tipped pair of
	tweezers and a very steady hand.

	What I did was to use some solder wick to remove much
	of the solder.	I was then able to remove the parts with
	reasonable ease.   Just as a warning, when I changed mine
	out, once the solder joint released, my D9 when flying.
	I never did find it.  Lucky I had already ordered spares.

	If you're brave enough to try it, I'll wish you the
	best of luck, and add that I give no guarrentees that
	this will fix your rig, but it did fix mine.

------------------------------

Q:3.2.18 How do switch between more than two antenna ports?

	With a switch, of course.

	Actually, you're probably looking for an "automatic"
	way to switch between different antennas based upon
	your current operating band.  For that, check out
	"Automatic Antenna/Amplifier Selection by Band" mods
	elsewhere in this FAQ.

------------------------------

S:3.3.	Microphones

------------------------------

Q:3.3.1	What is the best microphone to use with the IC-746?

	In theory, your favorite microphone is the best choice,
	provided you hook it up and adjust it properly.
	Its basically just a matter of personal preference.

	The confusion lies in the definition of "best".
	Most users generally agree that the stock hand mic is
	generally adequate for general use, but is not "best"
	or "optimal" for any specific use.  You know the tale;
	jack of all trades, master of none.

	If you want better transmit fidelity (or even broadcast
	quality sound), then you'll want a full range microphone,
	possibly with a dynamic element.  Icom's own SM-20
	gets good reviews for this application, as does Heil
	Goldline microphones.  Other microphones will also work;
	these just happen to be the most popular.

	Many operators have found that the inexpensive studio
	microphones from Radio Shack work astonishingly well.
	Yielding 90% of the performance at 10% of the price
	makes this a viable, budget conscious, choice.  It
	also shows just how poor the stock mic is.

	If you're after more "punch" for DXing or contesting,
	then you'll want to look into one of the Heil DX
	style microphones.  They're frequency responses have
	been tailored to accentuate the portions of the voice
	spectrum that most contribute to understandability.
	Their great performance have made them very popular.

	For those of you who "want it all", Heil even makes
	a microphone that switches both ways, literally.
	It has two pick-up elements in the same mic, so you
	can change between ragchewing and DXing punch at the
	flick of a switch.

	Who says you can't have your cake and eat it too?

------------------------------

Q:3.3.2	Can I hook up a different microphone directly to the IC-746?

	Yes, but only if properly wired.

	There is more to wiring up an external microphone than
	just the differing pin-outs.  You will also have to deal
	with:  DC bias, signal level, and impendence.

	Icom uses electret elements and incorporate preamps
	right into their hand mics.  The DC power is fed directly
	from the rig through the mic cable.  If you are using a
	different electret microphone, by sure it will operate
	with the 8 Vdc bias.  When using a dynamic microphone,
	be sure you have a capacitor (value not critical,
	around 1.0-4.7 uf) in the circuit to block the DC
	supply voltage

	Depending upon the microphone, you may have to use a
	hefty amount of mic gain (and possibly compression as
	well) to make up for the lack of the handset pre-amp.
	You may even need to use an out-board microphone preamp
	to get the signal high enough.

	Finally, the Icom microphone input is at a relatively
	high impendence (1-2K ?).  A matching transformer (or
	preamp) will yield the best results.  Most microphones
	operate at only 600 ohms impendence, and the impedance
	mismatch will exacerbate the signal level deficiencies.
	Some microphones operate at much higher impedances
	(as high as 100K) and, unmatched, will suffer from
	distortion in addition to signal level problems.

	Since you're already wiring up a new mic cable, you
	might want to short pins 6 and 7 with the chassis ground
	to assure that they are at the same ground potential.
	This often helps reduce RFI from coming in through
	the mic cable.

------------------------------

Q:3.3.3	Can I use a Heil microphone with the IC-746?

	Yes, most Heil microphones work well with the IC-746.
	Bob does this himself.

	As with any dynamic microphone, be sure you have a DC
	blocking capacitor in the circuit to isolate the mic
	element from the DC supply voltage  Heil's pre-wired
	mic harnesses are perfect for this.

	A notable exception is the HS-706 which (as the sales
	literature clearly states) ONLY works on the IC-706
	series.

------------------------------

Q:3.3.4	How do I adjust the IC-746 for a Heil headset?

	In theory, the IC-746 has enough microphone gain to use
	an unaided Heil microphone.  Heil's May, 2000, newsletter
	discusses this topic, see:

		http://www.heilsound.com/newslettermay00.htm

	In short, you use moderate mic gain (50-75%, 12-3
	o'clock position) along with moderate compression
	(8-10db, 12-1 o'clock position) for the best results.

------------------------------

Q:3.3.5	Do I need a pre-amp to use a Heil microphone?

	While the above procedure works for most rigs, it does
	not seem to work for everyone.	For the few that still
	have gain problems, adding the Heil HMP microphone
	pre-amp should work.

	Some speculate that the differing mic gain requirements
	are due to different versions of the IC-746, or simply
	due to widely varying component tolerances.  Nobody has
	collected enough information yet to nail this issue down.

	DO NOT use the HMP pre-amp unless you're sure you
	need it.  Too much gain will distort your transmitted
	audio; with all the usual detriments (hard to copy,
	splatter, etc...)

	If you decide you need a pre-amp but want to build it
	instead of buying it, then check out:

		"Build a low cost Boost Microphone"
		QST, Aug, 1989

	along with the Icom specific mods available (DC blocking
	capacitor, etc...) from KK5DR (Matt Erickson) at:

		mailto:kk5dr@ev1.net

	Another good QST article on microphone preamps is:

		"Adapting the Astatic D-104 Microphone
		for use with Modern Transceivers"
		QST, Aug, 1999, p.34

	a copy of which can be found at:

		http://members.aol.com/ampmicro/

------------------------------

Q:3.3.6	What are the pin-outs on the microphone connector?

	As listed on page 67 of the Instruction Manual:

		1 - mic input
		2 - +8V DC Output at up to 10ma
		3 - freq up/down
		4 - Main readout squelch switch
		5 - PTT
		6 - GND (PTT)
		7 - GND (MIC)
		8 - AF Out (varies with [AF]) (center pin)

------------------------------

S:3.4.	Keyers

------------------------------

Q:3.4.1	Can I hook up my straight key to the front "Elec Key" Jack?
Q:3.4.2	Can I connect my own Electronic Keyer to the IC-746?
Q:3.4.3	How do I wire up my paddles for use with the internal keyer?

 Short Answer

	Yes, virtually any type of key/keyer can be connected
	to the IC-746 via either the front "Elec Key" jack
	or the back key jack.  However, the two jacks require
	different wiring, and only the front jack will give
	access to the internal electronic keyer.

	The front "Elec Key" jack on the radio accepts a
	3-conductor 1/4 inch stereo phone plug and can be wired
	for use with anything.	The back "key" jack accepts a
	2-conductor 1/4 inch mono phone plug and can be wired
	for use with either a straight key or an external keyer,
	but not for the internal keyer.

	See page 68 in the operator's manual for wiring details
	and pages 23 and 27 for the programming details.

 Long Answer

	FOR A STAIGHT KEY OR EXTERNAL KEYER:

	For a diagram on how to wire the stereo plug see page 68
	of the Instruction Manual.  For a straight Key or keyer,
	wire only the tip and the Sleeve, and leave the ring
	as No-Connect.

	tip  ring  sleeve
	oooo ==== ]]]]]]} --------->  2 cond wire to key/keyer
	(+)  (nc)     (-) 

	The back "key" jack is a mono 1/4 inch phone plug and
	is easy to wire.

	When using the front Jack, You also have to set the
	radio to recognize that the ring is not used.  To set
	the radio, You do have to go to the  "key", "set"
	menu and tell it you will be using a straight key.
	See Page 23 and page 27 in the operation manual.
	While in CW mode press KEY(F4), then press SET(F5),
	Press the down arrow(F2) until you reach the sixth menu
	(KEYER TYPE), Use the Main tuning knob to set the type
	of keyer to "Straight Key".

	TO USE THE BUILT IN ELECTRONIC KEYER WITH PADDLES:

	Wire the 3cond Stereo plug (use the front jack) so
	that the "Dit" is the tip, the "Dash" is the ring and
	the sleeve is common(-). (You can also wire up a "bug"
	this way (without electronic keyer))

	oooo   ====  ]]]]]]} ---------> 3 cond wire to paddles
	(dit) (dash)   (-) 

	To set the radio to use the internal electronic keyer,
	You do have to go to the "key", "set" menu and tell
	it you will be using  paddles.	See Page 23 and page
	27 in the operation manual.  While in CW mode press
	KEY(F4), then press SET(F5), Press the down arrow(F2)
	until you reach the sixth menu (KEYER TYPE), Use the
	Main tuning knob to set the type of keyer to "Elec Key".
	(or "bug Key" to use the bug without electronic keyer)

------------------------------

Q:3.4.4	Can I use the internal and external keyers at the same time?

	Sure ... you can have an iambic keyer plugged into
	the front, and a straight or external electronic
	keyer plugged into the back.  You can then use either
	interchangeably.

	We don't yet know of anyone brave enough (let alone
	capable) to actually use both keys SIMULTANEOUSLY.
	Would such an person be a "two fisted" operator?   8)


==============================

S:3.5.	Amplifiers

------------------------------

Q:3.5.1	How do I hook up an Icom IC-PW1 RF power amplifier?

	The electrical connections are easy, just follow the
	diagram at the top of page 79 in your instruction manual.

	Then carefully read the instructions that came with
	the IC-PW1 because they can be confusing.

	Icom has instructions for this on their WWW site at:

		http://www.icomamerica.com/support/documents/pw1-746.html

	They state:

	    1)	Make sure the CT-17 is powered up. Connect 
		the CT-17 output 1 to IC-746, and output 2 
		to IC-PW1. 

	    2)	Power up the IC-746 and set up the CI-V 
		communication per the IC-PW1 manual. The 
		CI-V set up will vary between the early 
		and the latest IC-PW1 units.

	    3)	Power on the IC-746 and the IC-PW1. The 
		IC-PW1 should now automatically select the 
		band the IC-746 is set to.

	    4)	Now start the software, and set the software 
		com port setting to the port you have the 
		CT-17 connected to. The software should 
		recognize the IC-746 and show the exact 
		frequency on the computer screen the IC-746 
		is tuned to.

	    5)	As you change bands on either the IC-746 or 
		the software, the IC-PW1 will follow that 
		band change. If you change bands on the 
		software, both the IC-746 and the IC-PW1 
		will follow that band change.

	Paraphrased (thanks to WA0SXV), the procedure is:

		Turn everything on, set the 746 to full power,
		and key up in RTTY.

		Adjust the ALC pot on the back of the PW1 to
		set the IC-PW1 ALC meter to the mid-scale point.

	Power out on the amp should now read around 500w if
	you are using 110 or 1000w if you are using 220vac.

	No adjustments are needed on the 746 --- the PW-1
	ALC should take care of that.  When properly adjusted
	the power output scale on the 746 will read something
	around 35-50w.

------------------------------

Q:3.5.2	What if I hook up more than just an IC-PW1?

	The PW-1 manual claims that you will not have to mess
	with the CI-V addressing.  That's not always true.
	If the IC-PW1 is directly connected to the IC-746 (on
	default CI-V address 54h and 56H respectively) with no
	other devices, then the PW-1 auto-config routine senses
	the IC-746 and everything works just fine.

	If you introduce additional devices or alternative
	interfaces (such as the DX4WIN logging software using
	the "$10 Radio Shack" interface, talking to the IC-746
	in CI-V address 56H) then the PW-1 can become confused
	and stop talking to the IC-746.

	One solution to the problem is to set both the IC-746
	and DX4WIN for CI-V address 54H - the same as the PW-1.

	(But, shouldn't each device have a distinct address??)

------------------------------

Q:3.5.3	How do I hook up a non-Icom RF power amplifier?

	Start by examining the diagram at the bottom of page
	79 in your instruction manual, but be careful, it can
	mislead you into some expensive mistakes.

	The ground and antenna connections are just as
	straight forward as they appear, no problems there.

	Do not hook the SEND output directly to your amplifier
	as shown.  You will need an external switching relay
	or circuit to avoid overloading the internal SEND relay.
	Burning out the internal SEND relay is a common failure.

	Not all amplifiers will have compatible ALC control
	signals.  The IC-746 ALC input runs from 0 to -4 Vdc.
	W7DS designed a circuit to aid in automatic amplifier
	band switching that may be useful to you.  Check out the
	"mods" section of this FAQ for more details.

------------------------------

Q:3.5.4	Do I really need an external amplifier switching relay?
Q:3.5.5	Where can I get an external switching relay?

	Yes.  If you hook up an external power amplifier, then
	you will need an external amplifier switching relay or
	circuit (see above).  You have several to choose from:

		Ameritron ARS 702
		Ameritron ARB 704
		MFJ ARB-702-I
		MFJ ARB-704
		W2ENY Amplifier Interface
		Yaesu FRB-757

	Users of older amplifiers (like the Heathkit SB-200) 
	will want to check out the "soft key" modules from:

		http://www.harbachelectronics.com/

	or a similar product, the AmpKeyer, at:

		http://www.theheathkitshop.com/ampkeyer.html

	Heil Sound makes a foot switch that can control both
	PTT and amplifier switching, in the correct sequence.

		http://www.heilsound.com/FS-2-Dual-Footswitch.htm

	KD9SV has a "Front-End-Saver" switchers that handles
	extra antennas along with the amplifier.

		http://www.qsl.net/icom/download/fes.pdf
		http://JohnJeanAntiqueRadio.com/gary.htm

------------------------------

Q:3.5.6	Why do I need an external amplifier switching relay?

 Short Answer

	Its far too easy to overload and damage the internal
	switching relay, resulting in expensive and/or annoying
	repairs.  The external isolation relays are cheap
	insurance for our rigs.  Besides, even Icom technical
	support reccomends them.

 Long Answer

	Given that the relay is prone to overload, the natural
	question that arises is; just how much can it handle?
	Things get both lengthy and muddy from this point
	on, but since you're still reading, we'll press on.
	Remember, you were warned.  

	This continues to be a process of discovery, so I'll
	present what we know in that form.


	#  Instruction Manual

	Page 79 of the instruction manual says that the SEND
	jack is rated for 16 Vdc at 2A.  Some rigs have failed
	while well within those specs.  Others seem to survive
	conditions far in excess of that rating.  Obviously,
	the ratings in the manual don't tell the full story.

	Homebrew explanations (and solutions for) the problems
	abound.  Some talk about bypass capacitors while others
	talk about suppresion diodes.  Folks debate inductive
	vs resistive loads and ratings.  Surge currents and
	hot switching usually get brought up, as well as AC
	vs DC loading.	For years, the topic keeps coming up,
	but with no consensus or dependable solution; except
	that using an isolation relay/circuit seems to prevent
	any overloads.


	#  Tech Support

	So, many of us turned to technical support, but received
	different answers at different times.  For example,
	in the icom@qth.net archives for January 2000, we
	see that tech support told AB2BK that there was a
	misprint in the manual.  The true rating was 12 Vdc at
	20mA and Icom reccomended an external isolation relay.
	While that would explain the failures, it makes some of
	the successes almost unbelievable.  On the other hand,
	the archives for February 2002 show that tech support
	told N1JM that "The real scoop is UP TO 16V -OR- UP TO
	2 amps.", again, reccomending an isolation relay.

	While the techs did not agree upon the ratings, they
	did agree upon using the external relay.  Unfortunately,
	none of the answers from tech support have adequately
	explained the odd successes and failures.


	#  Service Manual

	All of this boils down to how much abuse relay RL1271 on
	the Main board can take.  The parts list on page 6-12
	shows the relay as an OMR-109F.  The obvious solution
	is to look up the parts and see what they are rated for.
	As of January, 2002, nobody had reveiled any spec sheets
	for the relay. 


	#  Internet Search

	Searching for "OMR-109" on the Internet did turn up a
	curious tidbit.  Icom has used the OMR-109 before, as the
	SEND relay (RL2) in the IC-761.  It had problems too.
	There is a Service Bulliten (#24287-001A) entitled
	"Larger relay for keying non-ICOM amplifiers" which
	reccomends:

		Replace RL 2 (currently labeled OMR 109)
		on the PA Connector Board with a SY-12 relay
		(ICOM P/N 921-04696).  This relay is larger but
		can be squeezed into place.  Glue this relay
		to the board with RTV.

	Check out:

		http://www.qsl.net/kd4sai/mods/icom/ic-761.txt
		http://www89405.temp.w1.com/Modifications/B2502

	More searching did turn up information for the SY-12-K
	relay, which lists a contact rating of 1 A @ 24 Vdc or 
	0.5 A @ 120 Vac (resistive).  We can infer that the
	OMR-109 specs are most likely less than these.

		http://www.fceu.fujitsu.com/pdf/sy.pdf

	Unfortunately, we still do not have many answers.


	#  Contact Parts Supplers

	Finally, in February 2002, we found a listing for the
	OMR-109F (thanks to the kind folks at Omron Electronics
	for helping out).  It doesn't say much, but does show
	a contact current rating of 1 A.

		http://catalog.tycoelectronics.com/TE/bin/TE.Connect?C=14894&P=87296,91080,86600,76287,76437&M=PROP&N=1&LG=1&I=81&G=G

	However, the above link did show who the manufacturer is.
	OMR relays are made by OEG.  That finally led to some
	actual data sheets.

		http://www.oeg.com.cn/pdf/14_OMR.pdf
		http://www.qsl.net/kb9sss/IC-746/Parts/14_omr.pdf

	Here are a few interesting pieces of info from the
	datasheet:

		Max. Switched Voltage:	AC: 120V.
					DC: 60V.
		Max. Switched Current:	1A (OMR-F)
					0.5A (OMR-H).
		Max. Switched Power:	OMR-F: 50VA, 50W.
					OMR-H: 10VA, 10W.
		Max. Switching Rate:	300 ops./min. (no load).
					30 ops./min. (rated load).
		Operate time:		1.0 msec
		Release Time:		0.5 msec
		Expected Mech Life:	100 million operations (no load).
		Expected Elec Life:	1,000,000 operations (rated load).

	First we see that the listed current/votage ratings do
	not match anything we've seen or have been told before.
	Curious that.  Why has Icom technical support given out
	at least TWO different sets of specs?  One theory is that
	the relay specs we have are still not detailed enough.

	It turns out that there are two ways to report maximum
	contact current.  "Maximum Switched Current" is the
	maximum current at switching time; when the contacts
	are opening or closing.  Once the relay is switched
	on, the contact current may rise to as high as the
	"Maximum Carrying Current", but must reduce again prior
	to switching off.  Thus, if the maximum carrying current
	is 2A, then the answer from Feb-2002 could make sense.


	#  Switching Rates Explored

	Closer examination of the maximum switching rates
	reveils a possible problem.  Suppose, for example,
	I transmit at only 1 word per minute.  We average 5
	characters per word, 3 dit-dahs per character, and 2
	switches per dit-dah.  So, CW at 1 wpm will generate
	30 relay operations per minute.  That's the limit of
	what the relay can handle at full load.  10 wpm will
	generate 300 op/min, which is the no-load limit for
	the relay.  30-40 wpm (what my local CW contesters do)
	pushes us to about 1,000 op/min; which is well beyong
	the relay's rating.  The max internal keyer speed of
	67 wpm (as per ARRL review) would yield a brutal
	2,010 op/sec.

	This could account for the varying results encountered in
	the field.  We'd all assumed till now that the problem
	was simply one of current or voltage overload.	Now we
	can see that those operating QSK CW are overstressing
	the part, no matter what the load.  Pushing the part
	that far beyond its operational limits would certainly
	make it more failure prone, which could explain some
	of the failures that have happened within the supposed
	current limitations.


	#  Expected Lifetime?

	Consider this: CW at 20 wpm would generate about 600
	op/min, which would reach the expected mechanical
	life of the part after less than 3,000 hours of
	transmitting.  But wait, if we apply that same rate
	to the expected electrical life, we get less than 30
	hours of transmitting time.

	In contrast, AM/FM/SSB/RTTY operation would likely
	require 200,000 to 2,000 hours (respectively) of
	operating time to hit either expected lifetime.


	#  The Schematics

	The schematic on page 11-4 of the Service Manual shows
	the SEND relay as an AHY103, not the OMR-109F listed
	in the Parts List on page 6-12.

	(this is listed in the "Discrepancy" section of the FAQ)

	Currently, we believe that the parts list is correct
	and that the schematic is wrong.  However, this might
	help explain why Icom Tech Support has quoted different
	specs at different times.


	#  Mysterious Successes

	OK.  To be totally fair, there are some amps out there
	that seem to work OK without an isolation switcher.
	Alpha Power, for example, uses an IC-746 daily to
	test their Alpha 99 series of amplifiers.  They report
	no problems.  Off course, their 25 Vdc exceeds Icom's
	specifications but are within the relay specifications.
	Go figure.


	#  Connection Confusion

	So far, we've concentrated upon the SEND jack on the
	back of the rig.  There are also HSEND and VSEND signals
	available via the ACC connectors.  What makes matters
	worse is when some folks mistake these signals for the
	relay driven SEND line, when in fact they are driven
	by transistor Q1302.  The transistor is not a hardy as
	the relay, with obvious consequences.


	#  Summary

	We have now identified MANY possible failure conditions
	for the SEND relay.

	     *	Too much voltage
	     *	Too much current (switching or carrying)
	     *	V/C spiking from inductive loading
	     *	Accidental AC operation
	     *	Exceeding operational rate
	     *	Exceeding expected lifetime
	     *	Connection confusion

	Those are the reasons for using an external SEND relay.

------------------------------

Q:3.5.7	My SEND relay seems to be stuck, what do I do?

	Ultimately, you'll have to replace it, either yourself
	or via Icom service.

	It is possible (battle field repair) to free the contacts
	by tapping the relay till it frees; but YMMV!  Actually,
	it takes a fair amount od disassembly to access the relay,
	and this solution is temporary at best.

------------------------------

Q:3.5.8	Can't I just use the ACC port to key my amp?

	An Icom IC-PW1?  Yes.  Any other amp?  Not directly.

	First off, the signal from the ACC ports is from an
	internal transistor and will only handle a miniscule
	load.  An external switching circuit will be required.

	The SEND jack (RCA phono connector) on the back of the
	rig is relay operated and is output only.  However,
	the HSEND and VSEND signals that are available from
	ACC1-pin-3, ACC2-pin-3, ACC2-pin6, and MIC-pin-5 are
	all bidirectional.  These leads go to ground through a
	transistor when the rig transmits.  Actively grounding
	these leads will put the radio in the transmit mode.

	You'll almost certainly need a solid state isolation
	circuit of some sort for this to work correctly.

------------------------------

Q:3.5.9	How do I build my own SEND relay isolation circuit/relay?

	Your design will be dominated by several basic
	considerations: the voltage/load/polarity requirements
	of your amplifier, your choice of SEND jack keying
	or ACC port keying, and your choice of relay or solid
	state switching.

	The send relay in the IC-746 (and others) closes 10 to
	11 milliseconds before the start of the RF and opens
	about 7 milliseconds after the end of the RF.  If you
	use a relay between the rig and the amp it had BETTER
	BE FAST.  The relay in the amp needs to be closed before
	the start of the RF.  This means the amp relay AND your
	intermediate relay together must be faster than 10 msec.

	In general, solid-state systems tend to switch faster
	than mechanical systems.  However, the relay based
	systems tend to be easier to design/build and are
	more versatile.

	The line used in the ACC port for this is a bidirectional
	signal; it does both SEND and PTT functions.  You'll need
	to account for that in your design.

	One example of a relay based design, complete with
	suppressor diode, bypass capacitor, and limiting resistor
	can be found at:

		http://www.qsl.net/kk5dr/IcomKeyInterface.html

	Rumor has it that Matt will even build it for you; for a
	fee, of course.  But then, you wouldn't have built your
	own, would you?

	One example of a solid-state design (originally intended
	for a Kenwood, but easily adapted to an Icom) can be
	found at:

		http://www.qsl.net/k0bx/amp.html

	Another example is here:

		http://www.k6xx.com/radio/ic706amp.pdf

	And yet another example:

		http://www.yccc.org/Articles/AL1200relay.html

------------------------------

Q:3.5.10 Why do I get IC-746 birdies when I turn on my IC-2KL?

	The IC-2KL is at fault, not the IC-746.  The problem
	is caused by a noisy, 12 volt switching supply within
	the IC-2KL.

	The supply is in a small shielded box on the top of the
	chassis, behind the meter.  Cleaning and tightening
	the metal box and covers will help.  Additionally,
	Icom recommends changing out leaky bypass and filter
	capacitors.

==============================

S:3.6.	TNC

------------------------------

Q:3.6.1	How do I hook up a TNC to the IC-746?

	Check out the wiring diagrams available at:

		http://www.packetradio.com/tnc-to-radio.htm



==============================

S:4.	IF Filters

------------------------------

Q:4.1	How many optional IF filters can I install into the IC-746?

	There are two (2) slots for optional filters in the 9Mhz IF,
	and one (1) slot for an optional filter in the 455Khz IF.

------------------------------

Q:4.2	What optional IF filters are available for the IC-746?

	Available filters for the 9Mhz IF include:

	    Filter        Bandwidth   SF   Typical Use
	    --------------------------------------------------
	    Inrad 121       250  hz  2.2   CW narrow
	    Icom FL-101     250  hz  3.0   CW narrow 
	    Icom FL-232     350  hz  2.8   CW / RTTY narrow 
	    Inrad 111       400  hz  2.3   CW / RTTY narrow
	    Icom FL-100     500  hz  2.5   CW / RTTY narrow 
	    Inrad 320     1.800 Khz  1.5   SSB
	    Icom FL-223   1.900 Khz  1.9   SSB narrow 
	    Inrad 110     2.100 Khz  1.5   SSB
	    Inrad 123     2.800 Khz  1.5   SSB wide
	    Icom FL-103   2.800 Khz  1.8   SSB wide 

	Available filters for the 455Khz IF include:

	    Filter        Bandwidth   SF   Typical Use
	    --------------------------------------------------
	    Inrad 306       125  hz  2.1   CW narrow (might not fit)
	    Inrad 122       250  hz  1.8   CW narrow
	    Icom FL-53A     250  hz  1.9   CW narrow 
	    Inrad 116       400  hz  1.7   CW
	    Icom FL-52A     500  hz  2.0   CW / RTTY narrow 
	    Inrad 322     1.800 Khz  1.5   SSB narrow
	    Icom FL-222   1.800 Khz  1.7   SSB narrow 
	    Inrad 314     2.100 Khz  1.5   SSB
	    Inrad 109     2.400 Khz  1.6   SSB
	    Icom FL-44A   2.400 Khz  1.75  SSB 
	    Icom FL-96    2.800 Khz  2.0   SSB wide 
	    Inrad 124     2.800 Khz        SSB wide
	    Icom FL-257   3.300 Khz        SSB wide 

	Notes:

	The above specifications come from several sources, so
	they might not be directly comparable.	Also, there are
	always variations from one manufacturing lot to another.
	Use these figures only as a guide.

	The Inrad 306 is listed on their WWW site, and is
	electrically compatible, but might not fit in the
	available socket.

	The Icom crystal filters with an "A" suffix (FL-44A,
	FL-52A, FL-53A) all have 6mm lower case heights than the
	equivalent filters without the "A".  Icom calls them
	"low profile".	They are electrically identical to
	the taller filters.  Nobody knows if there is enough
	clearance to install one of the larger filters into
	an IC-746.

	There are apparently TWO slightly different FL-44A
	filters.  The earlier model has a slightly wider
	bandwidth and steeper skirts than the later model.
	No word yet on how to tell them apart.

	While not an optional filter, W2ENY has a kit to modify
	the IC-746 by replacing either the stock 9Khz or 15Khz
	wide internal filters with a 6Khz wide filter. See the
	"mod" question of the FAQ for more details.

------------------------------

Q:4.3	Which optional IF filters should I buy?

	Better to ask, "Why would I even need filters?".

	Quite possibly, you'll won't need any optional
	filters. Use the Twin PassBand Tuning (TPBT) to
	dynamically adjust your IF bandwidth first.  Properly
	used, TPBT can give you nearly any bandwidth you want.
	You may decide that you don't need any anything else.

	There are over a thousand possible combinations of
	optional filters (1,539 at the last count).  Most of them
	will make sense (i.e. be useful) to someone, somewhere.
	As it is a matter of style and situation, ultimately,
	the choice will be up to you.

	We've broken up this issue into several questions, each
	targeting a more specific issue or problem.  Short of
	writing a book, it is the only hope of providing any
	useful answers.

	At the end of this section, we've listed some popular
	combinations.  Don't use a filter combination just
	because it's popular.  Optional filters could total
	$500 or more.  Understand what and WHY you're buying
	to make sure you get your money's worth.

------------------------------

Q:4.4	What is an IF filter's "bandwidth"?
Q:4.5	What is an IF filter's "shape factor"?

	Also called "passband", a filter's bandwidth is a
	measure of how wide a signal will pass thru the filter.
	For IF filters, this is typically measured as the span
	between the filter's -6db points.  (Some folks measure
	bandwidth at the -3db points.  Pay careful attention
	to the specifications when comparing filters)

	"Shape factor" tries to represent steepness of the
	filter's attenuation curve.  Typically defined as
	the ratio of the -60db passband to the -6db passband
	(bandwidth).  The perfect shape factor of 1.0 is
	unobtainable.  Shape factors of 2.0 or less are
	considered excellent.

	This is one of those situations where a picture is worth
	a thousand words.  A good look at the spectral response
	curve of a typical filter will make these terms clearer.

	Inrad publishes basic performance curves of most of
	their filters on-line.	An example of a typical curve is:

		http://www.qth.com/INRAD/graphs/116.gif

	AB4OJ has a complete set of passband curves for Icom's
	filters on his WWW site at:

		http://www.qsl.net/ab4oj/icom/filters/filters.html

	Several companies have good on-line treatments describing
	basic filter characteristics, complete with diagrams.

	Corning Frequency Control has a very concise page styled
	in a glossary format at:

		http://www.ofc.com/filters/definitions.html
		(site not responding Jan-2002)

	Vectron International also has a nice on-line treatment
	of filter characteristics at:

		http://www.vectron.com/products/xtal/filter.htm#definition

	The folks at Piezo Technology Inc. describe filter
	characteristics with attenuation curves.

		http://www.piezotech.com/Technical_Information/techindex.htm

------------------------------

Q:4.6	Why do filter "bandwidth" or "shape factor" matter?

	Narrower bandwidths reject more noise and improve
	sensitivity.  Wider bandwidths provide better fidelity.

	Narrower bandwidths also reduce the number of
	simultaneous signals the rig can "hear".  This reduces
	the AGC pumping action caused by nearby signals,
	particularly important for CW and digital modes.

	Smaller (tighter) shape factors reject more noise and
	improve selectivity.  Larger (wider) shape factors
	generate fewer problems/complaints with fidelity or
	ringing.

------------------------------

Q:4.7	What is considered to be a narrow filter?

	In the context of (and for the purposes of) this
	FAQ, a narrow filter is any filter that has a smaller
	bandwidth than the stock 2.4Khz wide filters.  However,
	most texts will describe a filter as being narrow if
	its bandwidth is smaller than that of the desired signal.

------------------------------

Q:4.8	What are narrow IF filters used for?

	Usually, narrow filters are used to reject unwanted
	signals or noise.  The narrower the bandwidth, the less
	noise there will be and the better the sensitivity.
	You can lose part of the desired signal in the process,
	but that may be preferable to the interference you're
	trying to reject.

------------------------------

Q:4.9	Can an IF filter be too narrow?

	Yes, an IF filter can be too narrow, but sometimes, that
	can actually work to your advantage.  We'll describe
	only a few specific situations as examples.

	When the IF filter's bandwidth is less than the bandwidth
	of the desired signal, then part of the signal will be
	rejected.  This degrades the fidelity (quality) of the
	received signal.  In phone modes, the fidelity loss is
	often mistakenly perceived or described by operators as
	"distortion".

	Fortunately, the inherent information redundancy of
	human speech allows it to be readable even when an overly
	narrow filter has rejected part of the desired signal.
	That's where our advantage comes from.

	One form of interference is when a nearby signal
	overlaps your desired signal; as in an overcrowded band.
	Rejecting the interfering signal necessarily rejects
	part of the desired signal as well.  Thus, the filter
	is too narrow to allow all of the desired signal
	to come through, but it is narrow enough to reject
	the interference.  While the result is "distorted" in
	comparison to a clean signal, it is still more readable
	than if you left the interference there.

	Another example would involve CW or PSK31.  The more
	narrow the filter is, the less the interference and
	noise.	In these modes, it's almost impossible for a
	filter to be narrow enough to actually reject part of
	the desired signal, as in the previous phone example.
	Instead, when a CW/PSK31 filter gets too narrow,
	you start to experience the auditory equivalent of
	tunnel vision.	This can make it difficult to scan
	around for signals.

	One of the handy things about TPBT is that you can
	narrow your effective IF filtering bandwidth at any time.

------------------------------

Q:4.10	What's the difference between IF filters from Inrad vs. Icom?

	Inrad filters tend to have a superior shape factor to
	Icom's (smaller numbers are better) as well as deeper
	stopbands.  They also tend to be cheaper.

	When dealing with adjacent channel interference, the
	filter shape (depth and slope of the attenuation curve)
	is generally the prime factor.	Inrad filters tend to
	outperform the Icom filters for this application.

	For example.  The stock Icom filter in the 455Khz IF
	has a -6db bandwidth of 2.4Khz and a -60db bandwidth of
	about 5Khz.  That gives it a shape factor of about 2.1
	The comparable filter from Inrad has a shape factor of
	1.6, a -6db bandwidth of 2.4Khz and a -60db bandwidth
	of 3.8Khz.

	This all means that the Inrad filter has a steeper
	attenuation curve, resulting in better extraneous signal
	rejection and improved selectivity.

	The Inrad filters tend to have greater ultimate
	attenuation than the Icom counterparts.  Thus, Inrad
	filters tend to do a better job of adjacent signal
	rejection than Icom's filters.

	However, while the 455Khz Inrad filters are drop-in
	replacements for the Icom counterparts, the 9Mhz filters
	are not.  They need a short piece of coax and a connector
	to wired up to the filter first.  The adapting connector
	plugs into the filter slot, thus alleviating any mods
	to the radio itself.  Reported assembly times range
	from 1-4 hours per filter, depending upon the skill
	and care of the installer.

	Finally, some claim that there is an insertion loss
	to the Inrad filters vs. the Icom filters.  However,
	it's been demonstrated that dropping the noise level
	also drops the S-meter reading, possibly accounting for
	the reports.  Bench tests do not show any insertion loss.
	Your ears may vary.

	eHam.net has several user reviews on Inrad crystal
	filters at:

		http://www.eham.net/reviews/detail/1499

------------------------------

Q:4.11	Which IF should I put an optional filter into?

	Realistically, the performance differences between
	using filters in the 9Mhz IF vs. the 455Khz IF are fairly
	small and will probably go unnoticed in normal operation.

	Most people make this decision based upon slot
	availability and filter cost.

------------------------------

Q:4.12	What's different between IF filters for 9Mhz vs. 455Khz?

	455Khz IF filters tend to have superior performance
	characteristics while 9Mhz IF filters tend to be
	less expensive.

	There are other differences (filter blow-by, ultimate
	rejection, earlier roofing, etc...), but usually it all
	comes down to cost.  When money is no object, you'll
	want to use one of each.  On a tight budget, you'll
	do fine with whatever you can afford.

------------------------------

Q:4.13	What are the 9Mhz IF filters best for?

	When dealing with interference from nearby signals,
	the sooner you reject the unwanted signals from your
	RF chain, the better.  So a single narrow IF filter
	in a 9Mhz slot will sometimes outperform a single
	filter in a 455Khz slot.

------------------------------

Q:4.14	What are the 455Khz IF filters best for?

	455KHz filters tend to have superior shape factors
	which seem to do a better job of eliminating background
	noise and allow tighter adjacent channel rejection.
	So a single narrow IF filter in the 455KHz slot will
	sometimes outperform a single filter in a 9MHz slot.

------------------------------

Q:4.15	How do I get the best results from TPBT?

	TPBT works best when the 9Mhz and 455Khz IF filters have
	closely matching bandwidths.  Non-matching bandwidths
	will still work, but are less intuitive, which can
	cause confusion.

	There are several techniques to using TPBT.  The one
	described below has the virtue of simplicity.

	Starting with both filters in their center, detented,
	position (widest effective bandwidth), tune in your
	desired signal as accurately as possible.

	Grasping both IF shift knobs simultaneously, adjust for
	the best sound.  If you have a nearby, interfering
	signal, then you'll probably have the best results
	shifting your bandpass away from it.

	Now, adjust just the 455Khz IF shift (the inner knob)
	in the opposite direction for the best sound.

	There's a whole document describing the theory and
	mechanics behind TPBT at:

		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IC746/files/ic746_tpbt.txt

------------------------------

Q:4.16	How do I configure the IC-746 to use an optional filter?

	After you've installed a filter, you need to tell
	the radio about it.  Using the SET menu, tell the radio
	which filter you've installed (by Icom part number)
	and which slot it is in.  Then, hold in the FILTER
	button for two seconds to bring up the filter selector.
	Cycle through your available filters by mode and by
	wide/narrow until everything is set up the way you want.

	See the operator's manual for details.

------------------------------

Q:4.17	How do I configure the IC-746 to use a non-Icom filter?

	You have to lie to the rig.

	All of the IC-746 filter settings are on the basis of
	Icom part numbers.  (This is supposed to make things
	easier for new operators.)  Just tell the rig you've
	installed the Icom crystal that most closely matches
	the one you're actually using.

	Lying to the rig does have a side effect.

	The 746 cannot actually shift the IF filters' passbands.
	Instead, the 746 shifts the LO frequencies of the 2nd
	and 3rd IF stages to shift the signal back or forth,
	aligning the edge of the desired signal with the computed
	edge of the filter's passband.

	Small lies generate small effects, like when you
	tell the rig that a 2.1Khz wide filter is actually
	1.9Khz wide, yielding a 100hz offset in the control.
	Larger lies generate larger effects, like when you tell
	the rig that a 400hz filter is actually 2.4 Khz wide,
	yielding a 1,000hz offset in the PBT control.

------------------------------

Q:4.18	How do I use a CW filter in SSB mode to receive PSK31?

	Icom took their ease of use one step further, and
	programmed the rig to prevent the use of a CW filter
	while in SSB mode; probably to prevent what they
	considered to be a foolish user error.	They didn't know
	about PSK31 at that time.  So again, you lie to the rig
	during setup, telling it that the crystal is wider so
	that the rig will allow you to select it for SSB use.

------------------------------

Q:4.19	Why is there only one optional 455Khz IF filter slot?

	Nobody knows for sure, but the most popular speculation
	is that it made the radio cheaper.

------------------------------

Q:4.20	Any tips on installing 9Mhz Inrad filters?

	Neatness counts.  Good soldering skills are a must.
	Most of the hams who have installed one report that it
	was more time consuming than they expected, but nothing
	they couldn't handle.  

	KE5DC says, "Inrad also ships two socket pins that look
	like they are to be used for the filter.  This doesn't
	work, as with the pins on the filter, the filter won't
	fit in between the case and the fan.  Solder the leads
	etc. directly on the filter pins and then trim the
	pins to prevent grounding.  My first attempt the pins
	had poked through the electrial tape and grounded to
	the case.  It initially seemed like the filter was more
	effective than it should of been.  Some playing around
	with the filter settings while listening to a decent
	signal narrowed down the problem to the 9MHz filter,
	and I just redid it and it worked."

------------------------------

Q:4.21	Where do I install a 2nd Inrad 9Mhz IF filter?

	According to K7ZL, the place Inrad tells you to put the
	first filter is way over on one side in a little opening
	next to a fan, and that works fine.  But he has found a
	second location.  When you have the rig opened, if you
	go on a line from the 9 Mhz filters, then to the 455
	Khz filters, and keep on going towards the front panel,
	you will see a square metal plate on the circuit board.
	He mounted his second filter on top of the metal plate,
	on its side, and it seems to work fine.

	However, KE5DC reports that is is very difficult to
	prevent the cover from coming into contact with the
	filter.  One could mistakingly force the cover closed;
	putting stress on the circuit board causing failure at
	some point in the future.

	G0HDB has installed an InRad filter this way and can
	confirm KE5DC's comment about the cover pressing on the
	filter and thus stressing the circuit board.  He overcome
	this by slightly deforming the cover to make it clear the
	filter; the deformation was done (very carefully!) using
	the rubber-coated handle of a hammer!  It only needs a
	small amount of extra clearance so the deformation (a
	very slight bulge in the cover) is barely visible - if
	you didn't know it's there you'd probably never notice it

------------------------------

Q:4.22	Where can I find more information on filter characteristics?

	Here are a few places on the WWW where you can find more
	information on filter characteristics:

		http://www.qth.com/INRAD/IC-756.HTM
		http://www.qsl.net/ab4oj/icom/filters/filters.html
		http://www.qsl.net/ab4oj/icom/passband/passband.html
		http://www.icomclassic.com/tech_data/icom_filter_rev_a.xls

------------------------------

Q:4.23	What are some popular filter combinations?

	"Popular" does not necessarily equal "best".  Don't do
	something just because it's popular.  Read the above
	material so that you can make an informed choice.

	For example, one of the "best" optional filters for an
	IC-746 is a 2.4Khz wide crystal filter for the 455Khz IF
	(either the Icom FL-44A or the Inrad 109).  The superior
	characteristics over the stock ceramic filter probably
	improves every one of the important receiver specs.
	However, the filter is unpopular.  Most hams simply
	have trouble justifying $100-200 for a filter "they
	already have".

	Given that caveat, here are some popular filter
	combinations you might want to ponder.

	**  None

	**  Single 500hz wide CW filter in either IF

	**  Dual 500hz wide CW filters, one in each IF

	**  Single narrow SSB filter in either IF

	**  Dual narrow SSB filters, one in either IF

	**  One wide CW and one narrow SSB filter at 9Mhz IF

	Icom vs. Inrad?	455Khz vs. 9Mhz?  Mostly a matter of
	preference (read above) and probably not as important
	as you think, otherwise, you need to read the more
	detailed material above.


==============================

S:5.	Computer Control

------------------------------

Q:5.1	How do I wire the IC-746 up for computer control?
Q:5.2	What cables do I need?
Q:5.3	What are CT-17, OPC-478, OPC-662 all about?

	The IC-746 is computer controllable through a serial
	interface, but it is not RS-232.  This is both good
	and bad.  Bad, because you can't just plug it straight
	into your computer (wrong voltages, etc...).  Good,
	because you can control four separate rigs with the
	same serial line.  Therefore, to connect the IC-746 to
	a computer requires some interfacing.  Icom made three:
	the CT-17, OPC-478, and OPC-662.

	The CT-17 is the full boat.  Versatile, it will allow 4
	rigs to be controlled by a single RS-232 serial line.
	It's also the most expensive option and requires
	external power.

	If all you want to do is connect up a single rig, then
	Icom's WWW site lists the OPC-662 remote PC control
	cable as the official part.  If you can find it,
	then great.  Most people can't.  Instead, many hams
	have successfully used the OPC-478 PC cloning cable.
	It's less than half the cost of the CT-17.  However,
	it is very short (1 ft ?) and will require a 1/8 inch
	stereo to mono plug adapter for use with the IC-746.

	When you buy the RS-746 remote control software from
	ICOM, it comes with a single rig cable (OPC-662 or
	OPC-478?).

	W2ENY sells a complete CT-17 clone and a single rig
	cable.	They're both more complete package than Icom's,
	coming with cables and software resources on a CD-ROM.
	They're also cheaper.  You can find out more at:

		http://www.geocities.com/w2eny/civ/

		http://www.geocities.com/w2eny/icom_cable/

	You could purchase the nearly universal rig interface,
	the RigBlaster, from the folks at West Mountain Radio.
	It does a lot more than simply computer control, and
	is adaptable to other manufacturers (for a price).

		http://www.westmountainradio.com/

	The Raymond Sarrio Company also make transceiver to
	computer interfaces:

		http://www.sarrio.com/sarrio/w1gee.html

	There's really not that much circuitry in "simple"
	interface cables, and many have homebrewed them for as
	little as $10.	Supposedly, the November 2000 issue
	of QST has a suitable design (with feedback in the
	January 2001 issue).  On-line circuit diagrams based
	on the QST article appear at:

		http://www.ambersoft.com/Amateur_Radio/Icom_Interface.jpg

	and

		http://www.qsl.net/civ_commander/interface.jpg

	KD6UU posted detailed schematics and instructions
	on eham.net:

		http://www.eham.net/articles/1588

	and then wrote an excellent updated follow-up article at:

		http://www.qsl.net/kd6uu/icomci.html

	The actual design of the interface circuit is subject
	to debate (as the above link will make clear).	Several
	alternative designs (along with a wealth of related
	information) are available from DF4OR's WWW site at:

		http://www.plicht.de/ekki/civ/

	A few other sources for CT-17 circuit information are:

		http://www.seed-solutions.com/gregordy/Amateur%20Radio/Experimentation/CIVInterface.htm
		http://www.oz1eqc.dk/Downloads.htm
		http://www.g3vgr.co.uk/civ.htm

	The OZ1EQC version of the circuit allows the use of
	the same COM port for both CT-17 control and RTS style
	keyer control.	The software configuration implications
	are left as a puzzle for the reader.

	When building the G3VGR version, AD6ZU makes the
	following observations:

	    I found that the G3VGR interface to be quite easy
	    to build inside the DB-9 shell.  The parts are
	    cheap and it's quite tolerant to using components
	    not listed on the schematics.  I used 2N3904's
	    instead of 2N2222's because they were what I had.
	    I also used 5.1K resistors instead of 4.7K and had
	    no problems with the interface.  I've built about
	    a half dozen so far and the suggestions I have for
	    this interface are:

	    Start with the shortest connections (the shorting
	    of the pins).

	    Imagine working from the connector toward the back
	    of the shell.  This makes for a much neater layout
	    than randomly building the circuit "ugly style".
	    You can practice by builting your first interface
	    that way since the parts are so cheap it's easy to
	    build another one.

	    Physically stack the two transistors atop each
	    other with the two emitters twisted together.
	    This helps to keep the volume down.

	    A little heat shrink tubing may help here and there,
	    but use it very sparingly, it adds volume and a
	    smart layout really doesn't require any.

	    Use a highlighter to trace out the connections
	    you've made.  It's easy to get mixed up as to which
	    connection you've made and which ones you haven't.

	    Be sure to strain relief the cable in the shell.
	    An inadvertant tug on the cable can pull a connection
	    loose or cause a short circuit (nothing will "burn
	    out", you'll just lose the communications and start
	    pulling your hair out).

	    When you complete the interface, if it doesn't
	    work, recheck your connections and follow the
	    schematic again.  The design REALLY DOES WORK.
	    Most likely, there was a mistake in the soldering.

	You can also purchase many renditions of these hardware
	interfaces from a variety of sources:

	###  Universal RS232 Serial Interface for Icom/Yaesu

		http://www.butel.nl/icomr2/icom11.html

	###  K1NU ICOM Computer Control Interface

		http://home.att.net/~k1nu/k1nu/Products/

	###  RTS-01 Computer Interface cable for Icom HF Radios

		http://rtsars.com/othercables_template.cfm

		http://www.sarrio.com/sarrio/w1gee.html

------------------------------

Q:5.4	Do I need a special cable to connect a CT-17 to an IC-746?

	No - the cable is a simple 2 wire cable with a 1/8"
	miniature phone jack on each end.  When homebrewing,
	some folks don't even bother to shield the cable and
	just use a twisted pair.

------------------------------

Q:5.5	What is the control protocol for the IC-746?
Q:5.6	What is CI-V?

	CI-V is the control protocol used by ICOM for remote PC
	control of their equipment.  

	This feature was originally used to enable a separate
	transmitter and receiver to act as a transceiver when
	interconnected via the CI-V bus (the receiver acts
	as a "slave" to the transmitter's QSY and mode-change
	reports) and for external amplifier control.  It was
	only natural to adapt it to computer control.

	The basics of the protocol are documented in the IC-746
	Instruction Manual on pages 74-75.  However, most people
	will prefer the documentation available from DF4OR's
	WWW site at:

		http://www.plicht.de/ekki/civ/

	or the documentation that comes shipped with W2ENY's
	control cables:

		http://www.geocities.com/w2eny/civ/

		http://www.geocities.com/w2eny/icom_cable/

	W7FG Vintage Manuals has listings in their catalog
	for both the CT-17 Level Converter and for the CI-V
	Communications Interface on their WWW site at:

		http://www.w7fg.com/

------------------------------

Q:5.7	What is the CI-V address of the IC-746?

	The CI-V address of the 746 is $56 (hexadecimal).

------------------------------

Q:5.8	What computer software is available?
Q:5.9	Where can I get computer software and upgrades?

	There are several choices (compromises?) available.
	On one end of the spectrum, we have programs that
	replicate nearly all of the IC-746 controls on the
	computer.  On the other end, there are programs that
	do computer assisted contact and contest logging.

	There is a fairly comprehensive listing of CI-V
	compatible software on DF4OR's WWW site at:

		http://www.plicht.de/ekki/civ/

	We'll mention some of the available software options
	below.	User reviews for some of the below software
	can be found at:

		http://www.eham.net/reviews/

	and

		http://www.qrz.com/search.pl?topic=reviews


	**  Icom RS-746 software

	Icom SELLS a program called RS-746; buying it
	is certainly the path of least resistance.  It is
	available through the usual retail channels.  It comes
	complete with both software and the necessary cabling
	(OPC-662?).   Many people describe it as a thing
	of beauty.  (Of course, beauty only runs skin deep.)

	A description of the software can be found at:

		http://www.icomamerica.com/amateur/hf/746soft.html

	To quote ICOM's own support FAQ (circa May 2001):

	  Q: Where can I download the ICOM PC programming (or
	     cloning) software?

	  A: The ICOM programming software is not freeware,
	     and is not available for download on our Web site,
	     or anywhere else on the Internet. It must be
	     purchased either from an authorized Icom America
	     dealer, or direct from ICOM. RT Systems also
	     develops programming software for ICOM radios.

	Ray (the product manager at the 2001 Hamvention) was
	very firm on this issue.  They take a dim view of the
	pirated copies available on the internet.

	Last word we know of (January 2001), Icom had no plans
	to update/fix/enhance the RS-746 software.

	** RT Systems software

	OK, so Icom refers us to RT Systems at:

		http://www.rtsars.com/

	However, as of May 2001, RT Systems does not have a 746
	control program.  They told N8AVX (in February 2001)
	that they had no plans to do so either.

	** Kingsmith Software

	Kingsmith Software is developing control software for
	the IC-746 (RATS IC-746), but as of May 2001, it wasn't
	available yet.	More information is available at their
	WWW site at:

		http://www.kingsmith-software.com/

	** W2ENY

	W2ENY ships a CD-ROM with lots of software and
	documentation along with the PC to rig interface cables
	he sells.  Many of the packages listed here are also
	on his disk.

		http://www.geocities.com/w2eny/civ/

		http://www.geocities.com/w2eny/icom_cable/

	** RadioComm

	Arachnophilia has several programs: RadioComm,
	IcomControl, and EasyTuner (among others).  Check out
	the download section on their WWW site is at:

		http://www.arachnoid.com/

	** YP Log

	Tony Field (VE6YP) makes a radio control and logging
	program called YPLOG that can control up to 4 rigs at
	a time and supports logging and contesting.  His WWW
	site is at:

		http://members.shaw.ca/ve6yp/

	** TRX Manager

	Some say that TRX Manager by F6DEX has more features
	than the original radios.  More info can be found at:

		http://www.trx-manager.com/

		http://www.hosenose.com/trx-manager/

	** XMLOG

	The freeware logging software produced by W1ECT also
	talks directly to the IC-746.  You can learn more at
	either the WWW site:

		http://www.xmlog.com

	or at the yahoo e-mail group site at:

		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/xmlog

	** TR Log

	One of TR-Log's claims to fame is that it will run on
	just about any PC.  More details at:

		http://www.qth.com/tr/

	** CI-V Commander

	A package that integrates well with the DxLab software
	suite.	More details at:

		http://www.qsl.net/civ_commander/

	** IRC

	One of IRC's claim to fame is selectable skins.
	You get to choose what you want your radio to look
	like, be it IC-746, IC-706, or even a 007 spy watch.
	More details at:

		http://n9zle.tripod.com/

	** ScanCat

	Very extensive scanning support, including automatic
	digital recording to your hard disk,

		http://www.scancat.com/

	** Radio Manager

	An example of the virtue os simplicity, this shareware
	from KC5IRJ does a lot with minimal resources.

		http://www.interplaza.com/bensware/rmm32.htm
		http://www.leader.it/shareware/info/00088.html

	** Zakanaka

	This (and a logger) was written by K4CY:

		http://www.qsl.net/kc4elo/

	** Icom Pro Memory Edit.

	Small program that allows editing and organizing all
	of the memories in any of the 746/756 series.

		http://www.plicht.de/ekki/software/pme.html

	** MixW

		http://tav.kiev.ua/~nick/mixw/mixw.htm

------------------------------

Q:5.10	Why doesn't computer software update freq when tuning the 746?

	CIV Transceiver, when enabled, forces the radio to
	report its frequency whenever you QSY, and to report its
	mode whenever you change mode via a front panel button.
	Make sure you've set this option in the IC-746 if your
	software supports it.

	With CIV Transceiver not enabled, rig control software
	must periodically "poll" the radio to determine its
	current frequency and mode.  When using this mode,
	make sure you have set your software's polling rate
	accordingly.

------------------------------

Q:5.11	How do I wire up the IC-746 for use with PSK31?

	The simplest way is to buy an interface.  There are
	several available, some examples are:

	BUX CommCo		http://www.buxcommco.com/
	Donner's Digital	http://home.att.net/~n8st/
	West Mountain Radio	http://www.westmountainradio.com/

	Or, you could build an interface.  You'll need audio-in,
	audio-out, and PTT signals.  Several DIY plans are
	available:

		http://www.qsl.net/wm2u/interface.html
		http://www.qsl.net/wm2u/psk31.html
		http://www.arrl.org/tis/info/HTML/psk31/index.html
		http://www.w5bbr.com/soundbd.html
		http://home.teleport.com/~nb6z/psk31.htm
		http://www.psk31.com/Hook_it_Up/hook_it_up.htm

------------------------------

Q:5.12	Why isn't my computer control working?

	There are MANY things that could be wrong.  Here are
	a few of the things you can check:

	*  Computer's serial port baud rate

	*  Computer's serial port address

	*  Interconnect wiring

	*  Make sure the 746 CI-V address (#28 in the 746 menu) 
	   is set for "56h".

	*  Make sure the 746 CI-V baud rate (#27 in the 746 menu) 
	   is set to "AUTO".

	*  Make sure the 746 CI-V Transceive (#29 in the 746 menu) 
	   is set to "ON".

	*  Make sure the 746 CI-V 731 Mode (#30 in the 746 menu) 
	   is set to "OFF".



==============================

S:6.	Problems and Clarifications

------------------------------

Q:6.1	What's that funny rattling noise I hear when I first power on the rig?

	Often, its the antenna tuning unit.  The relays make
	audible clicking/rattling sounds.

------------------------------

Q:6.2	What's that "click" I hear as I tune across certain frequencies?

	The clicking noise you hear is very likely from the
	relays for the rig's preselector (the service manual
	calls them RF filters).  At each boundary point, the rig
	switches in a different RF filter.  There are several:

		0 - 1.6 Mhz	low pass
		1.6 - 2 Mhz	band pass
		2 - 4 Mhz	band pass
		4 - 8 Mhz	band pass
		8 - 11 Mhz	band pass
		11 - 15 Mhz	band pass
		15 - 22 Mhz	band pass
		22 - 30 Mhz	band pass
		30 - 50 Mhz	band pass
		50 - 54 Mhz	band pass
		54 - 60 Mhz	band pass
		108 - 174 Mhz	band pass

	Some mistakenly call this the antenna tuner (there is
	even some component overlap), however, the preselector
	and tuner serve different purposes and are each switched
	in and out accordingly.

------------------------------

Q:6.3	Why doesn't the ALC meter work while adjusting the "mic gain"?

	Despite what the manual says, the ALC meter only works
	for SSB; not FM, CW, or RTTY. Nobody knows what (if
	anything) the ALC reading means on the other modes.

------------------------------

Q:6.4	Why can't I program any numbers into the memory names,
        the CW memory keyer, etc...?

	Use the keypad to enter numbers.  The dial only does
	letters and punctuation.

------------------------------

Q:6.5	How low can the IC-746 supply voltage be?

	Well, page 69 of the Instruction manual says the supply
	voltage can range from 12 - 15 Vdc.  Whereas, page 84
	says 13.8 Vdc +/- 15%, which is about 11.7 - 15.8 Vdc.

	Despite what the manual says, some IC-746's run at
	voltages as low as 11.0 Vdc.  The highest "drop-out"
	voltage reported so far has been 11.4 Vdc.

	Be aware, that while the IC-746 will operate at lower
	voltages, it does so at reduced power.	The power roll
	off starts at about 13.4 Vdc, as evidenced from the
	measurements shown at:

		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IC746/files/IC746-Power.jpg

------------------------------

Q:6.6	Why isn't my output power up at 100 watts?

	One possibility is your DC supply voltage.  

	As shipped, the IC-746 really wants a full 13.8 Vdc to
	yield full output power.  While the rig can operate at
	voltages as low as 11 Vdc, power starts dropping off
	as soon as you drop below 13.5 Vdc.  Check the actual
	voltage your rig is receiving.	You may need to adjust
	the voltage setting on your power supply.

	If your rig isn't getting the voltage you think it
	should, then check for voltage drops along the power
	cord as well as across joints, fuses, and connectors.
	It's possible to lose as much as a half volt per
	connection.  Solder joints and use high quality
	connectors where possible.

	12 AWG wiring is the minimum, but 10 AWG is better.

	Some in-line fuses have had their solder end caps
	oxidize, thus interferring with current flow and
	dropping the voltage.

	If you absolutely can't get your voltage up (for example,
	total battery power), then you might consider adjusting
	the power settings for the RF PAs (there are 4 of them).
	However, trying to run a full 100w output at the reduced
	voltage will most likely degrade the quality of your
	transmitted signal (clipping, IMD, etc...).  Most hams
	decide that the 1-2db gain doesn't justify the crumby
	signal.

	One last possible remedy for the low voltage problem.
	You could get a DC-DC voltage converter. These are also
	called voltage boosters.  Such a device accepts 12Vdc
	in and yields 13.8Vdc output.  There's a price.  First,
	they tend to only be 80-90% efficient, so a 20A draw
	by the IC-746 can translate to a 25-29 amp draw by the
	converter.  Secondly, commercial units like the Newmar
	12-12-35I DC-DC Converter can retail for more than $900.

	There is a more afordable, ham designed and built,
	voltage booster system from W4RRY that should do the
	job.  Check out:

		http://www.fastq.com/~w4rry/


------------------------------

Q:6.7	The backlight in my LCD has stopped working.  What's wrong?

 Short Answer

	Its probably one of the display driver transistors on
	the S-Logic board behind the display.  It will have to
	be replaced. 

	There is reason to believe (but no proof) that setting
	the LCD brightness to HIGH may reduce the failure rate.

 Long Answer

	Unfortunately, this has become a problem for many
	746 rigs, as evidenced by the data collected at:

		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IC746/database?method=reportRows&tbl=2

	It's not the actual 'lamp' itself, but one of the
	driver transistors.  The lamp is fluorescent, and will
	probably never wear out.  Even if it did, the lamp isn't
	available as a separate part; it's part of an assembly
	you need to get from Icom.


	#  Background into problem

	There is a DC/AC converter driving the "lamp".
	Check the S-Logic board for transistors Q301, Q302,
	Q303, and Q304. Q302 is usually the culprit as it
	is the voltage/current regulator for the dimmer
	function. If you have a DC voltage on the collector
	which is variable by the dimmer function on the radio,
	then this transistor is probably OK. Q303 and Q304 are
	the next most likely candidates.  These 2 transistors
	are in push-pull configuration to drive the X-former
	(base is 180deg phase shift by the X-former)

	Refer to pages 6-1, 9-1, 10-1, and 11-2 in the "Service
	Manual" for more details.

	Several folks at:

		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IC746

	have successfully performed these repairs themselves.

	OZ5ACI feels that the way the Q302 transistor is mounted
	is a design flaw.  Icom used the cooling fin of the
	transistor as a soldering point, thus if it gets too
	hot, the solder might melt.  That slowly deteriorates
	the soldering material resulting in a lost connection
	and a cooked transistor. He has a feeling that future
	cooked transistors can be prevented by simply unsoldering
	the transistor cooling fin to lift it and lengthen the
	center leg to establish connection at the cooling fins
	soldering point.

	AH6LE counters that if the transistor gets hot enough to
	melt solder (300 degrees or so), then there are other
	more serious problems.	Most solid state devices won't
	survive such temperatures, thus we're seeing the result,
	not the cause.


	#  The repair

	One of the techs at MTS (a company that repairs Icom
	gear) told K8UT that the repair is not difficult,
	but he does not recommend it to those without
	soldering/desoldering experience. The repair involves
	disemboweling the rig to get the S-logic board out;
	removing a metal shield that covers the transistors
	(about six solder connections); and then replacing the
	surface mount transistor.  And, of course, reversing
	the whole process to put the rig back together again.
	The part itself is cheap - around $3.00 (Feb-2002).

	If you're tempted to unsolder the control pots from the
	S-Logic board, stop and think; you're probably doing
	things the hard way.  The affected transistors are on
	the side of the board facing the front of the radio.
	More extensive "mechanical" disassembly will eventually
	gain you access.  Start by removing the front panel
	and work your way back.  Page 7-2 of the Service Manual
	should help.

	Icom UK told GW3WSU:

		"The transistor (Q302) is available from stock
		but is a 2SB1201, it is only 47p + carr and vat,
		but unfortunately is below out 10 minimum
		order charge.  You do not have to unsolder
		the pots, remove the plastic front panel,
		then undo the pot fixing nuts from the metal
		sub-chassis, and it should all just come away.
		When you come to replace the transistor, its
		best to remove the screening can, this gives
		better access to the device. After replacement
		I would advise you to put a generous drop of
		heatsink compound accross the transistor and
		spead it over to the metal of the screening can,
		this will keep the transistor from getting too
		hot again in the future."

	OZ5ACI used an "overkill" transistor from his junk box
	and had to cut a bit of the cooling fin to make it fit
	under the shield.  The original transistor is not very
	tall and can be left at an angle so no cutting is needed
	(or wanted!).  He says it's all fairly simple. The only
	trouble is that the front section of the 746 has to be
	taken totally apart and getting it back together with no
	dust behind the plastic screen is a pain.  Get yourself
	a small can of workshop compressed air or CO2 if you can.


	#  The part

	So far, all reports from heftier transistor replacements
	have been positive.

	From page 6-1 of the service manual, we can see that Q302
	is a 2SB1201.  At one point, the folks at MTS suggested a
	2SB1202 as a replacement.  Examining the specifications:

		http://www.nedis.com/datasheets/datasemi/2SB/2SB1201.pdf
		http://www.qsl.net/kb9sss/IC-746/Parts/2SB1201.pdf

		http://www.nedis.com/datasheets/datasemi/2SB/2SB1202.pdf
		http://www.qsl.net/kb9sss/IC-746/Parts/2SB1202.pdf

	we can see that the suggested replacement is physically
	identical to the original part, but with 50% higher
	current capacity and 25% higher power disipation.  It's
	switching time is about 10-20% longer (slower), but that
	should be unimportant for this application.

	K8UT has successfully installed a 2SB1202 replacement.


	#  The Transformer

	In some cases, the transformer is also fried.  Watch out
	for that when you make your repair, otherwise you'll
	just blow the transistors again.


	#  Further Analysis & Possible Prevention

	WA0KWK observes that we appear to have a DC-AC converter
	circuit with Q302 operating as a current carrying switch
	being turned off and on by Q301.  (a light dimmer).

	When the backlight is dim, the switch gets hotter because
	it is dissipating the current rather than the backlight.
	When the backlight gets brighter, more power is required
	by the display and the transistor has to sink less
	current by itself.

	This leads to the counterintuitive deduction that
	brighter displays put less strain on the transistor than
	dimmer displays.  Thus, the natural reaction (turning
	down the display brightness) actually makes the problem
	worse.

	While we can't yet prove the above assertion, data
	compiled by WA0KWK from voluntary usage reports
	(brightness level, operation time, problems and repair,
	etc...) would seem to support the theory.  The raw data
	is at:

		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IC746/database?method=reportRows&tbl=2

	Of course if your 746 is still under warranty, you
	may want to consider going that route.	Either way,
	you can contact Icom for the parts you need.


	#  Alternate Prevention and Possible Field Repair

	AD6ZU (Roy) reports that his 746 exhibited this problem
	when he shut the power supply off while the 746 was left
	"on", then turned the power supply back on a while later.
	Once on, changing the brightness setting would restore
	the LCD.  Furthermore, when he powers down the 746 before
	shutting off the main power supply, he has no problem.

------------------------------

Q:6.8	Is there some way to get the Icom-746 to generate DTMF tones?

	No.  The IC-746 will not generate DTMF tones.

	However, you have some options for generating DTMF
	tones yourself.

	The good news is that Icom's compatibility table
	shows that the HM-14 DTMF hand microphone will work
	with the IC-746.  It even comes with a handy switch to
	enable/disable the UP/DN buttons (if only the buttons
	would work).  Remember, you have to press the PTT switch
	to use the DTMF pad.

	The bad news is that the HM-14 is a discontinued item,
	so availability is limited.  Also, as K9HFX discovered,
	there are apparently two versions of the HM-14.
	The version without the scan button enable/disable
	switch did not work for him.  More information is needed.

	While not listed on Icom's compatibility charts as such,
	VE2MHF reports that the HM-56A also works, even the
	scan buttons and 14 DTMF memories.  However, beware, as
	VE4HAY reports that the DTMF pad on the HM-56 will also
	work with the IC-746, but it's scan buttons will not.
	We have to be careful of the 'exact' model numbers.

	Icom confirms that the HM-118T will work with a
	suitable wired adapter.  There is also speculation
	(but no confirmation) that an HM-95 microphone might
	also work with a suitably wired adapter.  If you succeed
	with such an experiment, please let us know.

	KC2CJW has successfully adapted an Alinco EMS-11
	microphone for use on the IC-746.  You'll need
	two cable-mount 8-pin microphone connectors (one
	female, one male), a couple of inches (maybe a foot)
	of decent multi-conductor cable, a 470 ohm resistor,
	and some soldering skills.  Paul can provide pin-outs
	upon request.

	Another option is a portable tone dialer, such as one
	that you could get at any Radio Shack.	Just send the
	tone sequence right through the microphone.  Not all
	such devices give access to the 'A' - 'D' tones, but
	those tones don't get used much anyway.

	Some have suggested wiring a DTMF pad into a microphone
	cable, much like what you would do for a TNC.  However,
	as yet, nobody has shared any success stories.  Far 
	Circuits at:

		http://www.farcircuits.net/dtmf1.htm

	have some circuits that might be adapatable.  Perhaps
	some could base a design upon the NS TP-5089?

		http://alds.stts.edu/datasheet/DTMF/NS-TP5089.pdf
		http://www.boondog.com/%5Ctutorials%5Cdtmf%5Cdtmf.htm

	Another approach is to let your nearby PC generate
	the tones.  Those with PSK31 (or equivalent) audio
	interfaces will find this relatively easy to do.
	Here's one of many DTMF programs for the PC:

		http://www.silverstones.com/DTMFdial.html

------------------------------

Q:6.9	Why don't my "band edge beeps" match the US amateur bands?

	Nobody knows what (if anything) the band edge beeps
	correspond to.

------------------------------

Q:6.10	Can I transmit all the way out to the "band edge beeps"?

	Yes, you can transmit all the way out to the beeps.
	The IC-746, as shipped from the factory, can transmit
	outside of the amateur radio bands.  This has been
	tested and confirmed on several rigs via dummy loads.

------------------------------

Q:6.11	Can I reprogram the "band edge beeps"?

	No, there is no known way to reprogram the band edge
	beeps.	There are no fixes or planned updates from Icom
	dealing with them.

------------------------------

Q:6.12	Do we know anything about the "band edge beeps"?

	The band edge beeps generate a lot of discussion and
	speculation.  As of October, 2002, the band edge beeps
	on all tested rigs (both 746 and 746-PRO) correspond to:

		 1.8 -	2.0 MHz 
		 3.4 -  4.1 MHz 
		 6.9 -  7.5 MHz
		 9.9 - 10.5 MHz
		13.9 - 14.5 MHz 
		17.9 - 18.5 MHz 
		20.9 - 21.5 MHz 
		24.4 - 25.1 MHz 
		28.0 - 30.0 MHz

	If you know of an UNMODIFIED rig which differs from this,
	then please let us know.

	While nobody has figured out what the band edge beeps
	correspond to, we have been able to rule out several
	possibilities.

	They do not correspond to the amateur radio frequencies
	in Japan.  For that matter, they do not correspond to
	the ham allocations in any of the IARU regions.

	They are not a combination of all available amateur
	radio from around the world (i.e. a minimal superset).
	They are much wider than that.

	As wide as the band edge beeps are, they do not encompass
	all of the MARS (Military Affiliated Radio Service)
	or CAP (Civil Air Patrol) frequencies.	To do that
	still requires a "mod".

	The known "TX mods" do not affect the band edge beeps.

	Any other ideas or info?

------------------------------

Q:6.13	How I reset back to factory default settings?

	The procedure is listed on page 81 of the Instruction
	Manual.

	While pushing in [F-INP] and [M-CL], push [POWER]
	to turn power ON.

------------------------------

Q:6.14	What "birdies" does the IC-746 have?

	"Birdies" are spurious signals internal/inherent to the
	rig itself.  They are normally generated by harmonics
	and/or mixing products of the internal oscillators (IF,
	VFO, display driver, CPU clock, etc...) that are picked
	up by one of the RF/IF stages of the rig.

	Birdies are usually perceived as silent carriers on
	AM and FM and as steady tones on SSB and CW; sort of
	like someone tuning up on that frequency.  Thus the
	perceived frequency of occurrence is affected by your
	preferred sidetone.

	Often, local noise sources can be mistaken for birdies.

	True birdies tend to be consistent from rig to rig.

	The following frequencies have been submitted as possible
	birdies.  There have not been enough correlated reports
	yet to confirm these as birdies.  More information and
	reports are needed.

		  1.955.5 # 
		  1.957 
		  1.981.0 # 
		  3.608 
		  7.008 
		  9.468
		 10.106 
		 10.503 
		 13.991.0 # 
		 13.999.0 # 
		 18.078
		 18.433 
		 21.150 
		 28.001 
		 30.002.0 # 
		 50.001 
		 50.006
		 50.533.0 #
		144.400

------------------------------

Q:6.15	How do I adjust the LCD display?

	Page 66 of the Instruction Manual describes how to
	change both the LCD contrast and the LCD backlight.

	Push MENU to select M2.  Push button to select LCD.
	Push buttons to select lighting or contrast.  Turn tuning
	knob to adjust value.

------------------------------

Q:6.16	The Noise Blanker doesn't seem to do any good.  What's wrong?

	Probably nothing.  Possibly your expectations.

	Noise blankers are placed in the IF signal path, and
	designed to gate/mute/attenuate out impulse noise.
	Impulse noise is characterized by very sharp pulses
	(steep rise time and short duration) such as ignition
	spikes and certain types of power-line noise.

	A good clue comes from the 746 service manual.	The NB
	adjustment procedure uses square wave pulses 30 mv high
	and 1 msec long.

	Therefore, a NB is not a panacea.  Unlike an ANL or DSP,
	a NB will have little or no effect upon static crashes
	and/or white noise.  Noise generated by power supplies,
	fluorescent lights, and power inverters are generally
	unaffected.

	The NB works best when impulse noise is strong and the
	signal is weak; like mobile in a vehicle.

	Most hams report that the 746's NB is effective against
	ignition noise, but not as effective as other rigs
	they've owned.

	Noise blankers are not all that sophisticated, and will
	try to blank out anything that resembles an impulse;
	even sharp voice peaks in an audio signal.  Sometimes,
	the NB will generate more noise than it removes.

	The IC-746 NB is operating within the first IF, where
	the passband is about 15 Khz wide.  Any impulse like
	component of a nearby strong signal may activate the
	NB, again possibly doing more harm than good.  Also,
	strong nearby signals can fool the NB into fluttering
	the receive audio.

	The single best way to deal with impulse noise is
	to eliminate it at the source.	A NB (any NB) is a
	compromise solution at best.

------------------------------

Q:6.17	How do I get rid of ignition noise?

	Someone should write a book on this topic.  (Oh wait,
	someone did, see below)  Here are some of the suggestions
	that have been made in the past.

	*  Clean the battery contacts

	*  Run the power leads inside a grounded shield
	   (possibly an old coax braid)

	*  Add bypass capacitors to chasis at both ends of 
	   each power lead (positive and negative).

	*  Ground the tailpipe to chasis

	*  Ground the hood to chasis

	*  Use higher quality plug wires (Magnecor?)

	*  Use better spark plugs
	   (Platinum is better that resistor)
	   (Iridium is even better)

	*  Better quality (copper inserts) cap and rotor button

	*  New radio suppression condensor at coil

	*  Use PI network noise filter at radio power feed

	*  Ground the fuel pump and add RF suppression

	*  Check the tachometer as a noise source

	*  Add RF chokes to remote head cable
	   (not applicable to the IC-746)

	*  Put snap-on ferrite beads on the electronic 
	   ignition wiring bundle.

	*  Ground engine block to chasis

	This problem is not specific to the 746, all radios can
	be afflicted.  Covering this topic thoroughly is beyond
	the scope of this FAQ.	For more help/information,
	try the following:

		http://www.arrl.org/tis/info/rfiignit.html
		http://www.arrl.org/tis/info/pdf/001qex32.pdf
		http://www.k2bj.com/Pages/Noise/Intro.htm
		http://www.qsl.net/ka6wke/
		http://www.realhamradio.com/Ford_F350.htm

	or join the "mobile-portable" e-mail list at qth.net,

	It turns out that someone DID write a book on this
	topic: the "ARRL RFI Book".  Chapter 16 is devoted to
	"Automobiles".	Check out the description at:

		http://www.arrl.org/catalog/6834/


------------------------------

Q:6.18	How do I adjust or make the NB work better?

	The NB is susceptible to both overload and cross
	modulation from strong nearby signals.	Often, turning
	off the RF preamp or even turning on the attenuator
	will improve the performance.  Remember, the IC-746
	has plenty of gain to spare.

	The IC-746 Service Manual does have an adjustment
	procedure for the NB on page 5-10.  Icom Tech Support
	provided W7GJ with a PDF copy of that page around
	Jun-25-2001.  That PDF file is now available from
	several places.

		http://www.bigskyspaces.com/w7gj/IC-746.pdf
		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IC746/files/IC-746-NB-Adjustment.pdf
		http://www.qsl.net/kb9sss/IC-746/IC-746-NB-Adjustment.pdf

------------------------------

Q:6.19	How do I fix a loose rubber grip from the tuning knob?

	Very few people have had this problem.  These are
	the suggestions people have made to remedy the problem.

	*  Use a large rubber band

	*  Use a glue stick

	*  Use electrical tape

	*  Use rubber cement
	     beware that RC might deteriorate rubber
	     leave set hole uncovered to allow front panel removal
	     maybe tack just a few places to allow ring removal?

------------------------------

Q:6.20	Where should I go for repairs?

	There are lots of places you could go.  A few of 
	the authorized Icom service/repair centers come
	highly reccomended by other hams:

	#  AVVid

		http://www.avvid.com/
		Email: Clif@avvid.com

		AA5SH, Michael
		2101 E. Shady Grove Rd.
		Irving, Tx. 75060

		Phone:  (800) 214-5779    9AM-6PM CST Mon.-Fri
		Local:  (972) 554-6801

	#  KK7TV Communications

		http://www.kk7tv.com/
		Email: info@kk7tv.com

		Custom Sound and Video 
		2350 W. Mission Lane Ste. #7  
		Phoenix, AZ. 85021 

		Phone:  (888) 767-9997 
		Local:  (602) 371-0555 
		FAX:    (602) 371-0522

	#  Paul Hanson & Associates

		2411 Robert Nash Ct.
		Tucker, GA. 30084

		Phone:	(770) 939-1320

	#  Houston Amateur Radio Supply

		George
		Phone:  (281) 355-7373

	While not "authorized" by Icom, the following repair
	shops have excellent reputations, particularly for
	out-of-warranty repairs or for older equipment.

	#  MTS

		http://www.angelfire.com/biz2/mts/
		Email: mts@plix.com

		Malcom Technical Support (MTS)
		3617 Deep Lake Boundary Rd.
		Colville, WA 99114-9142

		Voice:  (509) 732-8883
		Fax:    (509) 732-8884

	#  W6XA

		Paul W Hansen  (W6XA)
		2411 Robert Nash Ct
		Tucker GA 30084-3325

		Phone:  (770) 939-1320

	#  Tim Moes

		Email: tcmmoes@yahoo.com

		Watertown, SD

	And of course, you could always just run down through
	the list of authorized dealers at:

		http://www.icomamerica.com/dealers/index2.html

------------------------------

Q:6.21	How do I fix scratches on the LCD?

	Short of replacing it, you might try one of the following
	suggestions.

	*  You could try 'Polywatch' which you might get 
	   from a local watchmaker (note: watchmaker not 
	   battery-changer!!)  It's for restoring plastic 
	   watch crystals; works great on them.

	*  If its just an abrasion, toothpaste or tooth powder
	   might work or try body polish (not wax) for a car.

	We have no confirmation that any of these actually work.
	They are only suggestions.

------------------------------

Q:6.22	Can I do about sticky switches?

	KF4YIO(?) cleaned his switches by spraying a LITTLE
	contact cleaner in the spaces between the switches
	and the faceplate and that cleared up the problem.

	Make sure the spray cleaner will not damage the
	plastic knobs or face.

------------------------------

Q:6.23	Why does the S-meter seems low on 2m FM?

	While this is apparently common on many modern multimode
	rigs, we do not know precisely why.  The S-meter
	sensitivities published in the QST product review did
	not show a problem on 2m.  (6m is a different story,
	but nobody seems to complain about 6m readings).
	Likewise, the measured receiver sensitivities do reveal
	any problems.

	Some dealers blame all this on the wide-band receiver
	technology, but again, that doesn't really answer
	the question.

	Turning on the preamp will increase the reading.

------------------------------

Q:6.24	Why is my tuning shaft/knob loose and sloppy?

	If the factory did not tighten the nut that holds the
	main tuning unit, then, over time, movement may cause
	the friction screw to crack the face plate.

	This is a hard one to get at.



==============================

S:7.	Modifications

------------------------------

Q:7.1	What TX/RX "mods" are there for the IC-746?

	"mod" is slang for "modification".

	Most people who ask about modifying their radio are
	looking for ways to make the IC-746 transmit or receive
	additional non-amateur RF bands.  The 746 already has
	general receive coverage from 0.5 to 60.0Mhs, so no
	"mod" there.

	Modifying the IC-746 to transmit outside of the
	amateur bands is generally considered to be illegal.
	There are a few exceptions; like perhaps MARS/CAP,
	transverter usage, changes/additions to ham bands,
	etc..., but they can become controversial.

	Icom will give you the correct mod for your IC-746 based
	upon your serial number, providing you give them a copy
	of your MARS license to prove eligibility.  If you let
	Icom make the mod for you (small fee plus shipping),
	then the mod will not void your warranty

	That said, MARS/CAP/TX/RX modifications for the IC-746
	(and many other radios) can be found at:

		http://www.mods.dk/

	Another source for the TX/RX mods is QRZ.COM

		http://www.qrz.com/download/mods-i-k/ic746.txt

	Pay close attention, as there are two distinct mod
	procedures which correspond to the differing placement
	of the programming diodes on the PCB.

------------------------------

Q:7.2	What other "mods" are there for the IC-746?

	Not all mods are about TX/RX frequencies.  Here are
	some of the others.

	Note that none of the following modifications were
	either provided by or approved by Icom.  These all
	come from fellow hams.	Each "mod" exists for a reason,
	but that reason may not apply to your circumstances.

	Use at your own risk.

	---

	#  6Khz wide IF filters

	W2ENY has devised a way to replace the stock 15KHz or
	9MHz IF filters for AM work with 6KHz filters.

		http://www.geocities.com/w2eny/icom/filter.htm

	---

	#  Safe 2m TX/RX Sequencing

	AH6LE has modified his IC-746 to provide safe sequencing
	for EME work.

		http://www.ah6le.net/radiomods.html

	---

	#  Simple CAT interface

	OK2WY has a "Simple CAT / programming interface for
	ICOM RIGs".  Rumor has it that he has also designed an
	in-board step attenuator.

		http://www.qsl.net/ok2wy/projects.htm

	---

	#  Seperate 2m TX/RX Antenna Lines

	K7YVZ has proposed a mod to the VHF section to provide
	separate transmitting and receiving antenna ports.
	The details can be found at his WWW site:

		http://www.qsl.net/k7yvz/746mod/

	G4YTL describes the same thing at:

		http://www.mods.dk/mods.php3?radio=icom&model=ic-746&selectid=1919#1919

	WA2TTP (Steve) reports:
 
		"I did that mod recently and it seems to be
		working OK. I found a coax jumper in an old
		Kenwood commercial radio that had the right
		connector on one end and I installed a BNC
		flange mount on the other end. I mounted the BNC
		connector to a bracket on the back of the radio,
		the bracket is attached with one 8-32 screw and
		nut through one of the slots on the rear of the
		radio. The cable passes through the same slot. I
		put some shrink tubing over the original plug
		and tucked it out of the way inside the 746.
		Seems to work fine with my tower top pre-amp
		and 432 tower top transverter.	As with all my
		antennas I ran the 746 receive line through my
		patch panel which makes it easy to disconnect
		it when not in use. I also measured a 1.5 db
		improvement in sensitivity by going directly
		into the receiver board."
 
	---

	#  Increased MONITOR Volume

	Unhappy with the volume level of the MONITOR, some
	have tried placing a 4.7K resistor in parallel with
	R1087 to raise the level.  There are more details on
	the www.mods.dk site at:

		http://www.mods.dk/mods.php3?radio=icom&model=ic-746&selectid=2299

	---

	#  LCD Driver Transistor Replacement

	Some folks have replaced the transistors that drive
	the LCD backlight in an attempt to prevent overloading
	and burnout.  See the question devoted to LCD lamps
	repairs for all the gorey details.

	---

	#  Poor Man's TCXO

	N0UK (Chris) came up with a "poor man's" TCXO that
	substantially reduces frequency drift, particularly
	for 2m.  He stuffed the 60 Mhz LO compartment with a few
	"cotton wool balls".  It doesn't eliminate drift
	entirely, but the improvement is dramatic.

		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/IC746/message/1959

	---

	#  Upgrading Stock Ceramic IF Filter to a Crystal Filter

	The stock 455 Khz IF filter is a 2.4 Khz wide ceramic.
	The PC board is drilled and traced for a full fledged
	crystal filter (either from Icom or Inrad).  In theory,
	replacing the cheapo ceramic filter (Murata CFJ455K)
	with a superior crystal filter should improve the rig's
	performance.  

	One source of info claims that to do this mod requires
	changing 2 resistors (R701 and R704) from 10K to 3.9K
	to change the impedance seen by the filter from 2K to
	about 1.2-1.5K.  Most do not bother.

------------------------------

Q:7.3	Can I increase my RF power output beyond 100w?

	Yes, but you probably shouldn't.

	Technically, this more of an adjustmment than a "mod".
	NI4L (and others) have outlined the alignment procedure
	for increasing the RF power output above 100 watts.
	The basis for these procedures can be found on page
	5-4 of the Service Manual.

	The procedure can be found on-line at:

		http://www.mods.dk/
		http://www.qrz.com/download/mods-i-k/ic746pwr.txt

	After examining the circuitry in the schematics and
	the specifications for the transistors involved,

		http://www.qsl.net/kb9sss/Parts/2SC2694.pdf

	most feel that raising the RF output power above
	100w is a bad idea for a variety of reasons:

	*  You can exceed the power ratings on the output
	   transistors.  Even if they don't blow out right away,
	   they can eventually due to the long term electrical
	   and thermal strain.

	   There's nothing to prevent you from frying the rig
	   except luck.  There have been reports of output levels
	   as high as 180w; nearly 30% above the published
	   ratings.  

	*  Pushing thw PA transistors closer to staturation
	   moves them toward non-linear operation; thus increasing
	   IMD and splatter.  Much of the "extra" power can
	   end up as interference instead of in your signal.

	   Some IC-756 owners have found this out first hand,
	   that rig uses the same transistors in its RF PA.
	   Distortion started at about 110 watts.

	*  Increased heat disapation may be a problem.  Nobody
	   has any design/spec data to tell how severe a thermal
	   gradient the heatsink and fan were designed for.
	   Even if the PA transistors could handle the heat,
	   other components might not.

	*  Increased power supply current could cause unexpected
	   problems.  What happens to your external power supply
	   when you demand 30+ A on transmit?  What about the
	   746's internal voltage regulators?

	*  Increasing the power by 50% more than doubles the 
	   RF voltages within the internal ATU.  Thus, making 
	   it more prone to arcing and burnout.

	*  Differing part tolerances can surprise you.  It's 
	   much easier to compensate for component variations 
	   when you stay well within their tolerances.  Thus 
	   some rigs may be more prone to the above problems 
	   than others.  Just because one ham's rig worked is
	   no guaranttee that your's will.

	On the plus side, you might be able to increase your RF
	output by as much as 1-2 dB.

	That's a lot of potential problems for a meager gain.
	Most hams don't feel that it is worth it.  If you really
	need more than 100w out, then you should probably consider
	an amplifier.

------------------------------

Q:7.4	I'm brave; what untested "mods" are there?

	While several other "mods" have been discussed, to date,
	we don't know of anyone brave enough to try them.

	---

	#  Replacing PIN Diodes in the Demodulator

	Likewise, it is speculated that the IC-746 has cheapo
	PIN diodes in the detector circuit.  Again, in theory,
	replacing these with higher quality components (closely
	matched) would improve performance, in particular,
	the 3rd order intercept point.	This mod even helps
	the famous IC-781, which is where the idea came from.

	---

	#  Removing the BCB Attenuator

	A few folks have noticed that the IC-746 is less
	sensitive below 1.6Mhz.  This appears to be due to an
	additional attenuator being switched in to protect
	the first RF amplifier from overload by comercial
	broadcast transmitters.

	Some theorize that removing the extra attenuator (by
	simply bypassing it with a jumper) would improve the
	sensitivity.  This involves R11 - R14 on the RF board
	(see p 11-5 of the Service Manual for the schematics).

	Others point out that the atmospheric noise level on
	that band is too high to put any additional sensitivity
	to use.

	---

	Again, we don't know of anyone willing to admit to
	performing any of these modifications.	If you perform
	one of these (or some other esoteric "mod"), then we'd
	love for you to share your results with the rest of us.

------------------------------

Q:7.5	What "external" mods are there for the IC-746?

	These modifications are not made on the IC-746 internal
	circuitry, but are external interfaces of one sort
	or another.

	---

	#  Remote, Direct Frequency Entry Keypad

	W2FS wrote an article for the Dec 99 QST entitled "A
	Direct Frequency Entry Keypad for ICOM Transceivers".
	The "Millennium QSYer" is based upon that design and
	available from:

		http://www.john.hansen.net/keypad.htm

	---

	#  Cordless Headset Microphone

	Some hams have come up with a clever way to add a
	cordless headset to their rig.	Basically, you find
	a cordless phone with a soundcard interface on it;
	something designed to work with your PC as an internet
	phone.	(the IBM3330 900Mhz phone is a popular choice)
	You hook up the phone to the transceiver like you would
	a PC, and then use VOX to control TX/RX.  Some have
	had great success.  W8WWV provides all the details at:

		http://www.seed-solutions.com/gregordy/Amateur%20Radio/Experimentation/CLessPhone.htm

	Instead of a cordless phone, you could try using one
	of the corless microphone headsets they sell for use
	with computers.

	---

	#  Automatic Antenna/Amplifier Selection by Band

	WD7S wrote an article for the May 2000 QST entitled

		"Automatic Amplifier Selection for the ICOM IC-746,
		IC-736 and IC-706MKII Transceivers".
			Hewitt, Paul, WD7S May, 2000, QST, p.33

	K6XX has similar circuitry described on his WWW site at:

		http://www.k6xx.com/radio/icbsciv.html

	Another copy is at:

		http://krasnodar.online.ru/hamradio/w7ds.htm

	EI7BA has some related projects on his site at:

		http://www.iol.ie/~bravo/remote.htm

	There are also commercial solutions at:

		http://www.rfapps.com/ibs-1.htm
		http://www.qth.com/topten/bdecoder.htm
		http://JohnJeanAntiqueRadio.com/gary.htm

	---

	#  2m TX/RX Sequencer

	G3SEK outlines a complete TX/RX sequencer for handling
	more complicated transceiver/transverter/amplifier
	hookups.

		http://www.ifwtech.com/g3sek/dx-book/sequencer/

	---

	#  External Tuner Pulser

	This is covered in the Antenna Section as well.

	You can make the IC-746 think that there is an ATU
	out there with a dummy plug like that available from
	W2ENY at:

		http://members.fortunecity.com/w2eny/tenatuner/

	Operation is similar to that for the other tuners, but
	transmission stops after an 8 second timeout instead of
	by tuner acknowledgement.  You can even build this
	yourself based on the information at:

		http://www.mods.dk/mods.php3?radio=icom&model=ic-706&selectid=1864

	Don't mind that the info says its for the IC-706, all
	Icom rigs from this era use the same circuitry/connector.

	---

	#  Unmuffling Icom Hand Mics

	W0VD had problems with muffled audio, so he opened
	up all of his Icom hand mics and removed the heavy
	wad of felt that was in front of the mic elements.
	He's receiving much better audio reports now.

	The felt was probably there to prevent "popping" from
	consonants like "B" or "P".  So, beware.


==============================

S:8.	Misc...

------------------------------

Q:8.1	Are there different versions of the IC-746?

	Yes, there are at least two distinct versions of
	the IC-746.

	While most of the indications are circumstantial,
	one definitive piece of evidence are the two different
	procedures for modifying the transmit/receive range.

	Another definitive indication are the 2m differences
	between the U.S., Japanese, and European versions.
	In Japan, the IC-746 has different auto-repeater offsets
	and is limited to only 50w RF output.  In Europe,
	the IC-746 does not transmit above 146Mhz and has no
	auto-repeater offsets at all.  There's also a version in
	Australia that is limited to 20/8 watts on 2m for FM/AM.

	There are varying reports about the necessity of a
	microphone pre-amp when using Heil microphones, leading
	some to speculate upon differences in the microphone
	input circuitry.  K9HFX was unable to generate DTMF
	with an HM-14 microphone; that might be related.
	There isn't enough information yet to be conclusive.

	Some rigs seem to have problems with the transistors
	that drive the LCD backlight, some do not.  This might be
	due to a circuitry change, or a difference in assembly.
	The jury is still out.

	The only way the issue will be resolved conclusively
	is for someone to organize a data collection effort
	to sort out these details by serial number.  So far,
	no one has volunteered.

------------------------------

Q:8.2	Can I operate 2m on reduced power?

	Sure, just turn down the RF output power control (along
	the bottom front edge of the rig).

	Too inconvenient?  Then you could get inside and tweak
	the pots that control the RF PA settings.  There are 4
	of them for HF, 6M, 2M and AM (R989, R991, R993, and R990
	respectively).	Refer to your Service Manual for details.

------------------------------

Q:8.3	Where can I find plugs for the ACC connectors?

	They are 7-pin DIN connectors (the old style AT keyboards
	used 5-pin Din).  A couple (of many) possible sources
	are:

	Digi-Key	http://www.digikey.com/

	BUX CommCo	http://www.buxcommco.com/

	Your local electronics store either have them or can get
	suitable substitutes.  For example, most Radio Shacks
	have the 8-pin DINs in stock (#274-026).  They are
	compatible after you remove the center pin.

------------------------------

Q:8.4	What are the pin-outs on the ACC-1 connector?

	Page 72 of the Instruction Manual has the full scoop,
	Here is a brief description.

	1 RTTY	(FSK)		HIGH > 2.4 Vdc
				Low  < 0.8 Vdc < 2 ma output
				current

	2 GND			ground

	3 HSEND (HF PTT)	ground to transmit on HF
				goes to ground when transmitting
				< 20 ma output current < 200
				ma input current

	4 MOD	(audio in)	100 mV rms at 10,000 ohms

	5 AF	(audio out)	100-300 mV rms at 4,700 ohms

	6 SQLS			goes to GND when squelch opens
				0.1 ma current

	7 13.8V			max 1A output current

	8 ALC			(0 to -4VDC yields 0 - 100W)

------------------------------

Q:8.5	What are the pin-outs on the ACC-2 connector?

	Page 72 of the Instruction Manual has the full scoop,
	Here is a brief description.

	1 8V			(< 10ma) (+/- 0.3V)

	2 GND			same as ACC-1 pin 2

	3 HSEND (HF PTT)	same as ACC-1 pin 3

	4 BAND			0-8 Vdc depending upon band

	5 ALC			same as ACC-1 pin 8

	6 VSEND (VHF PTT)	ground to transmit on VHF
				goes to ground when transmitting
				< 20 ma output current < 200
				ma input current


	7 13.8V			same as ACC-1 pin 7

------------------------------

Q:8.6	Does audio to pin 4 of ACC-1 trigger the VOX?

	Pin 4 of ACC-1 does not trigger the VOX circuitry,
	nor is the level of that input affected by the front
	panel mic gain control.

------------------------------

Q:8.7	Where can I get replacement power connectors?

 Short Answer

	The connector you need is often called an "OEM-T"
	connector.  You can order Icom part number OPC-025A or
	OPC-025D from any of the major ham equipment retailers
	for a pre-wired cable.

 Long Answer

	Icom's cable compatibility chart lists the OPC-025A.
	Most retailers sell the OPC-025D.  Both apparently work.
	The OPC-025A is rated for 20 amps, while the OPC-025D is
	rated for 30 amps.  Most hams prefer the beefier cables.

	BUX CommCo sells equivalent cables/connectors that
	are cheaper.  You can find more info at:

		http://www.buxcommco.com/

	Rather than finding another Icom connector, many
	folks put inexpensive connectors on the cables of
	all their rigs and power sources.  That way they can
	use any rig with any supply no matter what brand.
	Particularly handy for switching between mobile rigs.
	Even Radio Shack has these, cheap.

	One very popular connector is the Anderson PowerPole.

		http://www.andersonpower.com/

	which is readily available from either

		http://www.dcpwr.com

		http://www.powerwerx.com/

	In fact, the PowerWerx folks have pre-wired, PowerPole to
	OEM-T cables ranging from 1 to 10 feet long that are much
	cheaper than the Icom part (less than half the cost).
	You can always just snip off the PowerPole connector
	if you don't want it.

	Many clubs and organizations have been standardizing
	on the PowerPole connectors for their high amperage
	12VDC power.  This makes all of their equipment
	inter-compatible and interchangeable; a real plus in
	an emergency.  There's a good article on that subject at:

		http://www.dcpwr.com/standard.html

------------------------------

Q:8.8	Where can I get replacement microphone connectors?

	You've got plenty of sources:

	Radio Shack - P/N 274-025 for the plug.

	BUX CommCo at:

		http://www.buxcommco.com/

	The RF Connection at:

		http://www.therfc.com/micconn.htm

------------------------------

Q:8.9	What is "Lo-Fi" SSB operation?
Q:8.10	What is "Hi-Fi" SSB operation?

	Trick questions, as they are both the same.

	They both refer to attempts to transmit/receive higher
	bandwidth/quality SSB signals.	Basically, hams are
	trying to improve audio fidelity; they are striving
	for "Hi-Fi" quality.  Few (if any) SSB rigs will ever
	achieve the 20 Khz bandwidth normally associated with
	"Hi-Fi", thus the "Lo-Fi" pun.

	"Hi-Fi SSB" audio is a hot topic within ham radio.
	Everyone wants the best transmitted audio they can
	get, however, not everyone agrees upon what "best" is.
	The issues become even more heated once you add concerns
	over excessive bandwidth usage and splatter.

	The characteristics/capabilities of the IC-746 allow
	this FAQ to take a neutral position in the debate.

	Stock, the IC-746 has a SSB bandwidth of about 2.4 Khz.
	That bandwidth can be widened to as much as 3.4 Khz
	without deleterious effects (the FAQ describes how
	elsewhere).  Pushing beyond that point requires more
	effort than most people are willing to invest.

	A lot of "Hi-Fi" activity occurs on or about 14.178 Mhz.
	There is also an active group of hams at:

		http://groups.yahoo.com/group/hfssbaudio/

------------------------------

Q:8.11	How does one improve the fidelity of a received signal?

	Here is a checklist of several possible actions (not
	in any particular order).

	*  Assure precise tuning

	*  Use a high quality external speaker or headphones

	*  Try to run without pre-amps or with attenuator

	*  Reduce the RF gain (increase AF gain to compensate)

	*  Set TPBT to widest bandwidth

	*  Use wider IF filters

	*  Lower level of NR (counterclockwise - to the left)

	*  Turn off NR

	*  Turn off ANF

	*  Turn off NB

	*  Set AGC to SLOW

	*  Be sure input power is greater than or equal to 13.5 Vdc

	*  Use an external AF amp via the ACC ports.

	*  Equalize the AF output.

------------------------------

Q:8.12	How does one improve transmission fidelity?

	Here is a checklist of several possible actions (not
	in any particular order).

	*  Using TCN, set the "SSB TX Tone" control to H.
	   (SSB TX Tone affects all voice modes)

	*  Turn off COMP (compression).

	*  Use a higher quality microphone.

	*  Use microphone shock mountings and pop filters.

	*  Use external microphone equalization.

	*  Feed transmission audio directly via the ACC port,
	   bypassing the microphone preamp.  (may not help
	   the PRO as much as the CLASSIC).

	*  Make sure supply voltage is 13.5 V or higher.

	*  Lower RF output

	*  Adjust by monitoring signal on a second receiver.

------------------------------

Q:8.13	Can the IC-746 transmit at less than 5 watts?

	Yes, with the help of some external circuitry.

	The IC-746 isn't really designed for QRP operation (the
	2+ amp draw on receive should prove that).  The front
	panel control will only get you down to about 4-5 watts.
	However, you can apply a voltage to the external ALC
	input to get even lower.  0 to -4Vdc input yields 0 to
	100 Watts output. One ham even uses a simple voltage
	divider/pot arrangement powered by 2 AA batteries.

	K5UHF warns that there can be a minute moment of higher
	power output before the external ALC level kicks in.
	Not normally a problem unless you're driving input
	sensitive equipment; like transverters.

------------------------------

Q:8.14	How do I turn on both HF pre-amps at the same time?

	You can't.  Nor would you really want to.

	HF preamp 1 is transistor based and yields about 10db
	gain for the 1.8 - 54 Mhz range (160m to 6m bands).
	HF preamp 2 is IC based (presumably an op-amp) and
	yields about 16db gain for the 21 - 60 Mhz range (15m
	thru 6m bands.

	In practice, each HF preamp will work on any HF band.

	The sensitivity of the IC-746 is so high that neither
	of the HF preamps are rarely needed.  You'll need the
	attenuator more often than the preamps.

------------------------------

Q:8.15	How do I adjust the 746 for best AM performance?

	The 746 performs well on AM for general communications.
	However, many operators choose (and fall in love with)
	AM for the sound.  For this, the 746 can fall a little
	short of expectations.

	Start by improving your audio fidelity as described
	elsewhere in the FAQ.  Then, WU1T (Damon) suggests that
	the trick is to back off the carrier level. You don't
	want to run full carrier or full mic gain.  He also
	suggests turning compression off when using AM.

	For general guidelines on setting up modern transceivers
	for AM use, check out:

		http://www.thebizlink.com/am/tech/htm/plastic.htm

------------------------------

Q:8.16	Is the IC-746 suitable for CAP and MARS operation?

	For CAP (Civil Air Patrol) use, the IC-746 is compliant
	only for HF, and then only if it has the CR-282 TXCO
	option installed.  Its not compliant on VHF at all.
	See the following for more details:

		http://www.ntc.cap.gov/comm/equipment/hf_equipment.cfm
		http://www.ntc.cap.gov/comm/equipment/Lists.cfm

	There's more information on this general topic at:

		http://www.ntia.doc.gov/osmhome/redbook/redbook.html

	While I don't have a link for it at the moment, I've
	been told that MARS (Military Affiliated Radio Service)
	must adhere to the same standards.

	For both CAP and MARS, some grand fathering did occur,
	however, that should have expired by now.

------------------------------

Q:8.17	How do I adjust the Noise Reduction (NR)?

	The level of NR you want varies by mode and personal
	preference.  CW can generally tolerate more NR than SSB.
	Most AM operators prefer little to none.

	Fortunately, setting the correct level is very intuitive.

	Start with the minimum, full counterclockwise setting
	(7-8 oclock).  Increase the level by turning clockwise;
	the signal should sound better as you go.  After a while,
	the signal will start to sound worse; when that happens,
	simply back off a bit.

	So, essentially, you adjust back and forth untill you
	"home in" onto the best setting.  Most people end up
	between 9-12 oclock for SSB and a little higher for CW.

	As you eliminate noise, you alter the signal.  In
	phone modes, that's often interpreted as distortion.
	At some point, the perceived distortion becomes greater
	than the removed noise.  

------------------------------

Q:8.18	How do I program a non-standard repeater offset?

	Repeater offsets are just a special (convenience) case
	of general "split" operation.  If you need to set up
	such a repeater without changing your default/normal
	offset, then here's what you do (as outlined on page 35
	of the instruction manual):

	   Go to VFO mode.

	   Depending upon the frequencies involved, you may
	   have to turn off AUTO-REPEATER temoprarily.

	   Set VFO-A to RX frequency plus RX-PL tone (tone
	   squelch) if needed or desired.

	   Set VFO-B to TX frequency plus TX-PL tone.

	   Switch back to VFO-A.

	   Press the SPLIT button so indicator light comes on.

	   Store into selected memory slot as usual.

	   Turn AUTO-REPEATER back on, if desired.

------------------------------

Q:8.19	How do I turn on repeater tones?

	There are two different tones you might need.  In the USA,
	PL tones are used while in Europe a 1750Hz tone is used.
	You access them both the same way.  

	Page 34 of the instruction manual covers the procedure,
	which we summarize here.

	  With the frequency set to somewhere in the 2
	  meter band, with M1 displayed (press the menu
	  button to get M1 displayed if M2 is displayed).
	  You'll see TON above the F3 button.

	  Press and hold F3 - you'll see Rptr Tone come
	  on the display.

	  Release F3.

	  Spin the tuning dial to get the tone you want.

	  Press the menu button to get back to seeing
	  M1 displayed.

	  Watching the display, press F3 **briefly**.

	Each time you press F3 that way, you will see the
	letter T come on the screen or off the screen about
	3/4 of the way down from the top above the F4 button.
	When the letter T is on the screen, subaudible tone
	transmission will occur when you key the mike.




==============================

Manual Errata

	Know errors in the Instruction Manual, by page number.

------------------------------

P:2	(12) AF CONTROL references p.12, should be p.11

------------------------------

P:6	External speaker and remote interface jacks are swapped.

	Page 6 has the external speaker and computer remote
	connectors mislabeled (reversed).  Looking at the rear
	of the rig, the REMOTE jack is on the left and the
	SPEAKER jack is on the right.

	Page 68 shows the connections properly.

------------------------------

P:9	Incorrect page references in MENU descriptions at
	the bottom of the page.

	(4)  TCN p.20 should be p.19 
	(7)  KEY p.24 should be p.23
	(8)  RTY p.30 should be p.29 
	(9)  TON p.35 should be p.34
	(10) TSQ p.33 should be p.32

------------------------------

P:15	BAND EDGE BEEPS simply do not work as expected.

	This is more a failing of the radio itself than it is
	an error in the manual.  For more info, refer to the
	rest of the FAQ.

------------------------------

P:19	SSB TX Tone affects more than SSB

	The "SSB TX Tone" setting affects the tonal quality of
	AM and FM transmissions as well as SSB.

------------------------------

P:22	TRANSMIT button does not transmit on CW

	This is more of a clarification than an error.
	In every other mode (AM, SSB, FM, RTTY), the TRANSMIT
	button actually "keys" the 746 to transmit a signal.
	In CW mode, you have to activate the keyer as well.

	Most operators use QSK when operating CW, which makes
	the TRANSMIT button superfluous.

------------------------------

P:27	Only one bar for CW sidetone level, not two

	In the CW -> KEY -> SET menu, there are 2 options that
	control the CW sidetone: options 1 and 2.  Option 1 sets
	the sidetone level via the displayed bar.  However,
	option 2 is only an ON/OFF setting; there is no level
	bar (contrary to what the manual shows).

------------------------------

P:32	No ALC adjustment for FM

	In "FM Operation", under TRANSMITTING, section 5 it
	states:  Push TRANSMIT...and adjust the MIC GAIN so
	that the ALC level in the ALC meter stays in the ALC
	zone when speaking into the microphone.

	The ALC meter is maxed out on any setting of the mike
	gain and has no meaning or effect under FM.

	ALC adjustments made in SSB carry over modes.  Once you
	get the audio drive level adjusted for proper SSB
	modulation, then the audio drive level ends up being
	right for all the other modes as well.

------------------------------

P:33	Incorrect filter diagram

	The diagram at the top of the page is incorrect.
	It shows only one stock filter (2.4 Khz wide) at the
	9Mhz IF.  There is a second, 15Khz wide, filter at that
	point instead of the direct "through" connection shown.

------------------------------

P:42	reference for Noise reduction p.39, should be p.40



	### 15Khz filter at 9Mhz IF?

------------------------------

P:46	No ALC adjustment for either AM or FM

	In the "Speech compressor" section, the ALC meter
	doesn't appear to work on AM.

	ALC adjustments made in SSB seem to carry over to other
	modes.	Once you get the audio drive level adjusted for
	proper SSB modulation, then the audio drive level ends
	up being right for all the other modes as well.

------------------------------

P:46	Speech compressor

	The "Speech compressor" instructions fail to make clear
	the fact that both the MIC GAIN and COMP GAIN controls
	will have to be adjusted for proper operation.

------------------------------

P:53	Enter numbers via keypad, not tuning dial

	While the diagram specifically highlights the numeric
	keypad on the radio; the "instructions" fail to mention
	that numbers and the decimal point are entered via the 
	keypad instead of the tuning knob.

------------------------------

P:56	in 1st paragraph, the reference "for programming
	scan edges" is p.56 but should be p.52.

------------------------------

P:68	The box describing the ALC JACK lists an input voltage
	of "0-4 V".  It should read "-4 to 0 Vdc".

------------------------------

P:70	In the box labeled "ANTENNA SWR" the manual states
	(in part):

		When the SWR is higher than approx. 2.0:1, 
		the transceiver's power drops to protect 
		the final transistors.

	Actually, power starts cutting back much earlier than that;
	somewhere between 1.7:1 and 1.3:1

------------------------------

P:77	The UT-102 Voice Synthesizer is installed in the
	"bottom" of the transceiver, not the "top".  Also,
	the "shield cover" is not involved.

------------------------------

P:79	The "NOTE" for "CONNECTING A NON-ICOM AMPLIFIER",
	should read

	NOTE:	The specifications for the SEND relay are
		12 V DC at 20 ma (milli-amps). If this 
		level is exceeded, an external relay or 
		switching transistor must be used.

	The 746 SEND line is designed to interface to a
	solid-state amplifier trigger, like those used in Icom's
	power amps.  Many people have damaged their rigs by
	trying to switch amplifiers with higher voltage/current
	requirements.



==============================

Manual Discrepancies

	The "Service Manual" is supposed to be the best, final
	word on the electronics within the IC-746.  However,
	the data it contains isn't always consistent.  Here are
	the known discrepancies.

	---

	Q302 on the S-Logic Board is a driver transistor for
	the LCD backlight.  It's listing varies depending upon
	the reference within the Service Manual.  We'd love to
	hear which part is actually in your rig.

	p. 6-1  Parts List                   2SB1201-S-TL
	p. 8-1  Semiconductor Information    2SB1201 S
	p.10-1  Block Diagram                2SB1202
	p.11-2  Voltage Diagram (schematic)  2SB1201

	We believe the part is supposed to be a 2SB1201.

	---

	R1271 on the Main Board is a dry reed relay for
	switching the SEND signal used to operate external RF
	power amplifiers.  It's listing varies depending upon
	the reference within the Service Manual.  We'd love to
	hear which part is actually in your rig.

	p. 6-12 Parts List                   OMR-109F
	p.11-4  Voltage Diagram (schematic)  AHY103

	The Board Layout on page 9-7 clearly shows that the
	R1271 has a completely different layout than either
	R1111 or R1291, which are identified as AHY103 relays
	in both the parts list and the schematics.

	We believe the part is supposed to be an OMR-109F.



==============================

Glossary

	Here are short expansions of some of the more common
	acronyms you'll encounter when reading about the IC-746.
	This is not a dictionary, there are no definitions.
	A more comprehensive and detailed listing of terms can
	be found at:

		http://www.qrz.com/i/hamspeak.html

	ACC	ACCessory connector
	AF	Audio Frequency
	AFSK	Audio Frequency Shift Keying
	AGC	Automatic Gain Control
	ALC	Automatic Level Control
	AM	Amplitude Modulation
	ANF	Automatic Notch Filter
	ANL	Automatic Noise Limiter
	ANT	ANTenna
	APF	Audio Peak Filter
	ARRL	Amateur Radio Relay League
	ATT	ATTenuator
	ATU	Antenna Tuning Unit
	BCB	BroadCast Band
	BFO	Beat Frequency Oscilator
	CAP	Civil Air Patrol
	COMP	COMPression
	DSP	Digital Signal Processing
	DTMF	Dual Tone Multi-Frequncy - (touch tone)
	FAQ	Frequently Asked Questions
	FM	Frequency Modulation
	FSK	Frequency Shift Keying
	IF	Intermediate Frequency
	IMD	Inter-Modulation Distortion
	LCD	Liquid Crystal Display
	LSB	Lower Side Band
	MARS	Military Affiliated Radio Service
	MIC	MICrophone
	NB	Noise Blanker
	NR	Noise Reduction
	PA	Power Amplifier
	PBT	Pass Band Tuning
	PCB	Printed Circuit Board
	pig	Pig is to rig as lemon is to car
	PLL	Phase Locked Loop
	PTT	Push To Talk
	QRP	low power operation
	RIT	Receiver Incremental Tuning
	RTTY	Radio TeleTYpe
	RX	short for Receive or Receiver
	SSB	Single Side Band
	SWR	Standing Wave Ratio
	TCN	Tone CoNtrol - SSB transmit cutoff
	TCXO	Temperature Compensated crystal Oscilator
	TPBT	Twin Pass Band Tuning
	TS	Tuning Step
	TX	short for Transmit or Transmitter
	USB	Upper Side Band
	VFO	Variable Frequency Oscilator
	VOX	Voice Operated transmission
	YMMV	Your Milage May Vary (standard disclaimer)



==============================

Contributors + Acknowledgements

	There are two kinds of contributors to this FAQ: direct
	and indirect.

	Direct contributors have written entire passages that
	have been incorporated nearly verbatim.  Sometimes,
	they are specifically authoring something with the FAQ in
	mind.  Also, they are individuals who have been recruited
	to review specific sections prior to distribution.

	Indirect contributors have had their comments and input
	collected and assimilated from public correspondence
	on discussion and news groups, often without their
	knowledge.  They were simply answering questions,
	offering advice, or otherwise just helping people out.

	The coordinator has not tried to keep a record of who has
	contributed what; the book-keeping would be horrendous.
	All sources of information have been INVALUABLE and
	are APPRECIATED.  Listing contributors here is a
	small token of thanks for their neighborly spirit and
	generosity.  The Coordinator apologies if anyone has
	been missed.

		AA6YQ	Dave
		AB0IO	Marv
		AB2BK	Len Davis
		AB4OJ	Adam Farson
		AC4JF	David Waters
		AD1C	Jim Reisert
		AD5CD	David
		AD6ZU	Roy
		AH6LE	Ken Arck
		AK6R	Bob Brehm

		DF4OR	Ekki Plicht		Germany

		EA7KY	Julio Maleno		Spain

		EI2JC	Noel W.			Ireland

		G0HDB	Martin Davies		U.K.
		G4FZN	Chris			U.K.
		G4YTL	David			U.K.
		G4YVM	David			U.K.
		GW3WSU	Colin Beynon		U.K.

		HK3BRO?	Francisco Carosio	Columbia?

		K0BX	Joe
		K0SD	Stephen
		K1XR	Bruce
		K1ZOK	Ed Lambert
		K2VI	Tony C.
		K3PGB	Bill Abate
		K3XT	Sean
		K5HAL	Cullen Langford
		K5UHF	Ken S.
		K6XX	Bob W.
		K7RX	Kevin
		K7YVZ	Jerry 
		K7ZL	Tom
		K8AC	Floyd Sense
		K8CMA
		K8UT	Larry Gauthier
		K9EID	Bob Heil
		K9HFX	Scott Clayton
		KA4RQB	Meade D.
		KB3CO	Charlie
		KB9SSS	Dana Hoggatt
		KB9ZLJ	Chris Ryskoski
		KC2CJW
		KC2EKI	Tom
		KC5GGR	Daniel Bowles
		KC5NSZ	Rich
		KD6UU	Howard Groveman
		KD7EJC	Charlie
		KE5DC	Bill
		KF2TI	Steve
		KF4TQV	Frank
		KF4YIO?
		KG4HPM	Bill
		KG4HPM	Bill
		KG6GLN	Roy
		KI6QP	Stuart R.
		KJ6H	Tod
		KK5DR	Matt E.
		KT0K	Greg Brown
		KT3D	Dennis F.

		N0AT	Ron
		N0GMP	Dave
		N0RC	Rod Cerkoney
		N0UK	Chris C.
		N1EGE	Steve
		N1JM	John Merrill
		N1LF	Les Rayburn
		N1ZQU	Sean
		N4AIW	Fred
		N4UMJ	Eddie Bryant
		N4WMX	Robert
		N5NW	Marty
		N6TGK	Stephen M.
		N7DLS	Dan Skaggs
		N8AVX	Jim
		N8GJ	Jerry
		N9RLA	Dan Evans
		NI9Y	Dan
		NT7S	Jason Milldrum
		NX1G	Steve Jones
		NY2H	Warren

		OK2WY	Jiri Holy		Czech Republic 

		OZ1EQC	Per Bekker-Madsen	Denmark
		OZ5ACI	Frank Tjoernelund	Denmark

		P40GH?	Jerry			Aruba

		PA0JED	Jan E.			Netherlands
		PA0WCA	Wim Bovendeert		Netherlands
		PE1OGF	John Peters		Netherlands

		S56AL	Aleks			Slovenia

		SM4FPD	Roy N.			Sweden

		TF3KX	Kristinn		Iceland

		VA3LGD	Lawrence		Canada
		VE2MHF	Francois		Canada
		VE3CE	Wayne M.		Canada
		VE3EXT	Jerry Beneteau		Canada
		VE3GWX	Peter			Canada
		VE3JKC	Keith Carter		Canada
		VE4HAY	Derek Hay		Canada
		VE6CGX	Tony Hwang		Canada
		VE7MDL	Erik			Canada
		VE9FX	Lin			Canada
		VK4ZSS	Sam			Canada

		W0LSD	Ken
		W0QE	Larry Benko
		W0TLO	John
		W0TUP	Arlon N.
		W0VD	Dan
		W1IK	Jim Wickstrom
		W1MNK	Jon
		W2ENY	Bob Langston
		W2MAW	Mark Wolf
		W2VJN	George
		W3UHF	Frank Ellis
		W4LT	George
		W4RNL	L. B. Cebik
		W4RRY	Leo L.
		W4UGM	Richard Cash
		W4UK	Jerry
		W5YR	George
		W6CCD	Dick
		W6OLD	Dick Flanagan
		W6RCA	Cecil Moore
		W7DGX	Rolly
		W7SAC	David McCallum
		W8DBF	Duane Fischer
		W8JN	Paul
		W9FCC	Dan McKenzie
		W9FS	Jerry
		W9LVC	Frank
		W9NHQ	Bill
		WA0KWK	Larry Boyler
		WA0SXV	Mike
		WA1VTA	Tom Loebl
		WA2FAA	Jim Sutkoff
		WA2EHZ	Larry Lefczik
		WA2TTI	Jerry Harley
		WA2TTP	Steve
		WA4TUK	Patrick T.
		WB2CPN	Clete Whitaker
		WI3X	Dane Burns
		WN2SQC	Ken
		WU1T	Damon C.

		SV1ENS	??			Greece

			Mike Foerster

	If anything, then the sheer number of people involved
	(more than 100 contributors from more than a dozen
	countries) should illustrate the collaborative effort
	involved in producing this FAQ.

	Thanks to everyone involved.


==============================

Disclaimer & Copyright

	This article is provided as is without any express or
	implied warranties.  While effort has been taken to
	ensure the accuracy of the information contained in
	this article, the author and contributors assume no
	responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages
	resulting from the use of the information contained
	herein.  Use at your own risk.

	Copyright (c) 2001 by Dana Hoggatt, all rights reserved.

	This FAQ may be posted to any USENET newsgroup, on-line
	service, WWW site, or BBS as long as it is posted in
	its entirety and includes this copyright statement.

	This FAQ may be distributed as class material on
	diskette or CD-ROM as long as there is no charge
	(except to cover materials).

	This FAQ may not be distributed for financial gain.

	This FAQ may not be included in commercial collections or
	compilations without express permission from the author.


==============================

Revision History


   10.22.2002	Minor addition to band edge beeps
   10.20.2002	More info on ignition noise
   10.11.2002	Updated info on Icom HF net
   10.08.2002   Added Q/A about loose tuning shaft
   10.07.2002   Added Q/A about 2m S-meter readings

    9.30.2002   Corrected page number error in errata
    9.29.2002   Added Q/A on automatic external ATUs
    9.28.2002   Added Q/A about sticky switches
    9.25.2002   Added Q/A on finding repair shops
    9.23.2002   Added Q/A on TNC hookup
    9.20.2002   Added Q/A on CT-17 cable
    9.15.2002   Several minor changes and link updates
    9.15.2002   More info on power drop off
    9.09.2002	Added Q/A about low voltage operation/shutdown
    9.08.2002	More info on IC-PW1 operation
    9.06.2002	Added Q/A about Alaska Emergency Frequency

    8.26.2002	More info on ignition noise
    8.20.2002	More info on SEND connection problems.

    7.17.2002	Added Q/A about 60m operation
    7.15.2002	Added Q/A about IC-2KL amplifier birdies
    7.12.2002	Added Q/A about loose rubber tuning dial grip
    7.12.2002	Added Q/A about LCD color
    7.11.2002	Added more info on IF filter characteristics
    7.10.2002	Added more info on building CI-V interfaces
    7.09.2002	Added more info on LCD brightness problem
    7.08.2002	Added Q/A on internal ATU diode repair
    7.08.2002	Added more info on transmit fidelity
    7.07.2002	Added Q/A about ignition noise
    7.06.2002	Added Q/A about repeater (PL) tones
    7.05.2002	Added Q/A about possible computer control problems
    7.03.2002	Clarified info about 455KHz IF filters
    7.02.2002	Added more info about 2nd 9MHz Inrad filters
    7.02.2002	Added Q/A about PSK31 hookups
    7.01.2002	Added more info about DTMF generation
    7.01.2002	Added more info SEND relay options
    7.01.2002	Added more info on IC-746 HF Net

    6.03.2002	Added info on 2n TX/RX seperation mod
    6.03.2002	Added Q/A on non-standard repeater offsets
    6.03.2002	Updated info on internal+external ATU usage
    6.03.2002	Corrected amplifier question numbers
    6.03.2002	Added Q/A about 100% duty cycle

    5.06.2002	Added a few more WWW links

    4.20.2002	Added another magazine article
    4.07.2002	More info on >100w power output.
    4.06.2002	Added Q/A about setting NR level

    3.27.2002	General cleanup - links, TOC, etc...
    3.24.2002	More info on SEND relay isolation circuits
    3.24.2002	Added SM reference for BCB ATT mod
    3.19.2002	Added another magazine article
    3.18.2002	Expanded info about >100w output alignment
    3.17.2002	Started moving "mods" into a seperate section
    3.16.2002	More updated info on LCD (Q302) failures
    3.08.2002	Added Q/A on "long wire" antennas
    3.06.2002	More info on amp/ant switching
    3.04.2002	Added Q/A about internal/external SWR meters
    3.04.2002	Updated Q/As on split TX/RX antennas
    3.03.2002	Added more info on switching amps with ACC-1/2
    3.02.2002	Added Service Manual Discrepancies
    3.02.2002	Added "microphone mod"
    3.01.2002	Yet more info on SEND relays

    2.28.2002	Even more info on Q302 and LCD problems
    2.27.2002	Added more info on voltage boosters
    2.26.2002	Minor editing/formatting of "mods"
    2.25.2002	More info on LCD driver repair
    2.22.2002	More info on SEND relay limitations
    2.21.2002	Added more info on Q302 and LCD burnout
    2.21.2002	Added alternative prevention to LCD blow-out
    2.21.2002	Added mod to MONITOR level.
    2.21.2002	Updated Q/A on external tuner activation
    2.20.2002	Added Q/A about internal ATU "gotchas"
    2.19.2002	Updated Q/As on non-Icom amp hook-up
    2.19.2002	Updated info on installing Inrad filters
    2.18.2002	Added more TLAs to glossary
    2.13.2002	Added Q/A about external ATUs
    2.12.2002	Added citation for latest QST article
    2.11.2002	Minor addition to NB question
    2.10.2002	Updated some of the WWW links
    2.08.2002	Added Q/A about keyless tuning in CW mode
    2.07.2002	Updated mod Q/A to add tx/rx sequencer
    2.06.2002	Minor addition to transmit fidelity Q/A
    2.04.2002	Added Q/A internal/external SWR readings
    2.04.2002	Added Q/A on measuring SWR in SSB
    2.04.2002	Added Q/A about "popular" filter combos
    2.03.2002	Added another IF filter passband link
    2.03.2002	Added info on "A" suffix IF filters
    2.02.2002	Updated Q/A's on microphones
    2.02.2002	Added several Q/A's on amplifiers
    2.01.2002	Reformatting of some manual errata
    2.01.2002	Added M/E P:27 - CW sidetone level
    2.01.2002	Added M/E P:19 - SSB TX Tone affects AM/FM

    1.31.2002	Added Q/A about CAP/MARS compliance
    1.31.2002	Added Q/A about future of FAQ
    1.21.2002	Updated info on 746 NET
    1.12.2002	Rearranging and updating "mods" info
    1.11.2002	Added info on "cordless headset" mod
    1.10.2002	Tested and updated all links
    1.09.2002	Added Q/A on Noise Blankers
    1.08.2002	Added Q/A on adjusting AM performance
    1.07.2002	Added Q/A about tuning clicks
    1.06.2002	Added M/E P:22 - TRANSMIT button on CW
    1.05.2002	Added Q/A about using both preamps
    1.04.2002	Updated Q/A on electronic manuals
    1.03.2002	Added info on "cotton wool ball" mod

   12.31.2001	Added Q/A on transmit fidelity
   12.31.2001	Updated Q/A on receive fidelity
   12.31.2001	Updated info on 746 NET
   12.28.2001	Updated info on power supplies
   12.18.2001	Updated info on 746 "mods"

   11.29.2001	Updated Q/A about magazine articles
   11.26.2001	Updated freq for HF net
   11.20.2001	Updated info on wiring dynamic microphones
   11.19.2001	Updated info on IC-746-PRO
   11.16.2001	Added Q/A about PDF font error
   11.13.2001	Added Q/A about magazine articles
   11.10.2001	Checked and added more manual page references
   11.09.2001	Added M/E P:42 - 15Khz filter at 9Mhz IF
   11.09.2001	Added M/E P:56 - use keypad for numbers
   11.09.2001	Added M/E P:46 - COMP GAIN control
   11.09.2001	Added M/E P:15 - band edge beeps
   11.08.2001	Added M/E P:68 - confusing ALC voltage
   11.08.2001	Added M/E P:46 - ALC only on SSB
   11.08.2001	Minor updates regarding SWR values
   11.08.2001	Added M/E P:70 - SWR fold back
   11.07.2001	Added M/E P:79 - SEND relay limits
   11.07.2001	Updated Q/A about electronic manuals
   11.06.2001	Added M/E P:32 - No ALC for FM
   11.06.2001	Added M/E P:6  - speaker/remote jacks swapped
   11.06.2001	Added M/E P:56 - incorrect page reference
   11.06.2001	Added M/E P:33 - incorrect page references
   11.06.2001	Added M/E P:9  - incorrect page references
   11.06.2001	Added M/E P:2  - incorrect page reference
   11.05.2001	Added M/E P:77 - UT-102 installation
   11.05.2001	Added section for Manual Errata
   11.03.2001	More info on IC-746 net and daylight savings time
   11.02.2001	More info on MARS mod by Icom
   11.01.2001	Added Q/A about microphone pin-outs
   11.01.2001	Separated Q/A on "mods" into three Q/A
   11.01.2001	More "mods" information
   11.01.2001	Updated info on DTMF microphones

   10.30.2001	Added Q/A about low power 2m operation
   10.30.2001	Updated info on power output vs. input voltage
   10.30.2001	Added Q/A on IC-746s
   10.24.2001	Added Q/A on multiple keyers
   10.24.2001	Started a small glossary
   10.23.2001	Clarified Q/A about Heil mic adjustments
   10.23.2001	Added Q/A about dynamic microphones
   10.22.2001	Updated info on different versions
   10.21.2001	Added info on ACC pin-outs
   10.20.2001	Added info on Sunday evening 20m IC-746 net
   10.19.2001	Updated info on "mods"
   10.18.2001	Added Q/A on transmitting less than 5 watts.
   10.18.2001	Added Q/A on internal ATU while receiving
   10.17.2001	Added Q/A on finding Mic connectors
   10.16.2001	Added another mirror site at qth.net
   10.15.2001	Changed all newsgroup references into links
   10.15.2001	Added Q/A on where to buy/sell a used IC-746.
   10.14.2001	Added Q/A on other Icom rigs (756, 765, 735, etc...)
   10.12.2001	More info on internal/external ATU interactions
   10.09.2001	Updated info on internal/external ATU interactions
   10.05.2001	Added Q/A on computer interfacing
   10.01.2001	Added Q/A on "birdies".

   09.21.2001	Added info about QTH.NET's ICOM e-mail list
   09.21.2001	Updated Q/A on IC-7400
   09.06.2001	Added Q/A about "beverage" antennas
   09.05.2001	Fixed numerous spelling errors
   09.01.2001	Updated Q/A on ATU to reflect recently reported damage
   09.01.2001	Added Q/A about IC-7400 (IC-746-MKII?)

   08.28.2001	Updated info buying a 746
   08.14.2001	Updated info on accessing the FAQ
   08.07.2001	Updated Q/A on ATU range
   08.07.2001	Updated Q/A on ATU tricks (band sweeping)
   08.07.2001	Added Q/A about reset to factory defaults

   07.25.2001   Added Q/A on VOX and ACC-1
   07.20.2001   Reorganized into sections with contents
   07.19.2001	Added Q/A on Receive fidelity
   07.18.2001	Updated info on different versions of IC-746
   07.09.2001	Updated info on computer control

   06.30.2001	Updated many Q/A on IF filters
   06.28.2001	Added Q/A on ACC DIN connectors
   06.27.2001	Changed Q/A to ATU tips (high power)
   06.26.2001	Added several Q/A on band edge beeps
   06.26.2001	Added many Q/A on IF filters
   06.22.2001	More info on computer control software
   06.12.2001	Added disclaimer & copyright notice
   06.12.2001	More information on power supplies
   06.12.2001	Added Q/A on ATU at QRP power
   06.12.2001	Added Q/A about low output power

   05.30.2001	Added Q/A about Heil microphones
   05.30.2001	Added Q/A on wiring up keys/keyers
   05.29.2001	More information on power supplies
   05.28.2001	Added multiple Q/A on computer control
   05.27.2001	Added Q/A about different versions of IC-746
   05.25.2001	More information on power supplies
   05.24.2001	Added Q/A about DTMF tones
   05.23.2001	Added Q/A about numeric programming
   05.22.2001	Added Q/A about antennas
   05.21.2001	Added Q/A about electronic manuals
   05.20.2001	Updated info on rig modifications
   05.20.2001	More info on power connectors
   05.19.2001	(Dayton Hamvention, WooHoo!)
   05.18.2001	Updated info about an Icom HF net
   05.17.2001	Added Q/A about non-SSB ALC readings
   05.16.2001	Added new info about an Icom HF net
   05.15.2001	Added Q/A about broken LCD backlight
   05.14.2001	More information on power supplies
   05.01.2001	First circulated copy.

   04.20.2001	First rough draft
   04.02.2001	Started collecting notes
   04.01.2001	Decided to make FAQ